False consensus and accuracy of perceptions of nurses regarding universal precaution practices

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the presence of the false consensus effect (FCE) in relation to nurses' self-reported use of universal or standard precautions (UPs) and risk-related beliefs. The study also aimed to investigate the accuracy of estimated consensus. The sample consisted of nurses (N = 301) from a variety of specialities. Through self-report questionnaires, respondents were presented with a list of 10 behaviours and beliefs (of which eight were used in the analysis). They were asked to indicate whether they performed the behaviour or held the belief, and, separately, to estimate the percentage of peers who would do so. Independent sample t-tests (comparing “subscribers” with “non-subscribers” to each behaviour or belief) revealed a significant FCE on all items: subscribers always estimated a significantly greater consensus for the position than did non-subscribers. Significant deviation from accuracy was found on all items, and significant differences were found on seven of the eight items between subscribers and non-subscribers in their deviations from accuracy. In addition to theoretical implications, the results are discussed in terms of the implications for educational intervention.

Keywords:

• False consensus
• health care workers
• nurses
• standard precautions
• universal precautions

Notes

The two items dropped from the list were “Sometimes fail to use the recommended precautions” (deemed too general) and “Have a thorough knowledge of HIV” (related to knowledge rather than behaviour or belief).