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Research Articles

Urban living and the search for new societal metaphors: Insights from Brussels participatory arts practices

La vida urbana y la búsqueda de nuevas metáforas sociales: Perspectivas de las prácticas artísticas participativas de Bruselas

La vie urbaine et la recherche de nouvelles métaphores sociétales: Perspectives des pratiques artistiques participatives à Bruxelles

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Pages 295-315 | Received 31 Aug 2021, Accepted 10 Oct 2022, Published online: 07 Nov 2022
 

ABSTRACT

In recent years, the relation between participatory arts practices and urban living has been a topic of debate. In an increasingly plural urban society, the co-presence of different social and cultural groups has created an urgent need for new ways to relate the right to individual freedom and hence diversity, to the necessity of social coherence. In this search, participatory art has gained in relevance. By addressing missing artistic forms and taking into account cultural reference patterns from the people involved, participatory arts practices are deemed to play an important role in producing new societal metaphors that go beyond the discourse of living together on the basis of a common, national history. Whereas in academic literature this has often led to ambitious social and political claims, this article turns to the social pedagogical mandate of these practices. How does participatory art concretely intervene in the social relations between people, which challenges are being addressed and which individuals are at the heart of these challenges? By reporting on the findings of semi-structured interviews with practitioners in Brussels, the – unofficial – capital of Europe, we aim to gain an empirical understanding of how these new societal metaphors may look like.

Résumé

Depuis quelques années, la relation entre les pratiques artistiques participatives et la vie urbaine a été un sujet de débat. Dans une société urbaine de plus en plus diverse, la co-présence de groupes sociaux et culturels différents a créé un besoin urgent de nouveaux moyens pour relier le droit à la liberté individuelle, et par conséquent à la diversité, à la nécessité de cohérence sociale. Au sein cette recherche, les arts participatifs ont attiré beaucoup d’intérêt. Parce qu’elles abordent des formes manquantes d’expression artistique et prennent en compte les modes de référence culturelle de leurs participants, on considère que les pratiques artistiques participatives jouent un rôle important dans la production de nouvelles métaphores sociétales qui vont au-delà du discours de la vie en commun fondée sur une histoire nationale identique. Tandis que cela a souvent mené à des déclarations politiques et sociales ambitieuses de la part de la recherche universitaire, cet article s’oriente vers le mandat pédagogique de ces pratiques. Comment les arts participatifs interviennent-ils concrètement dans les relations sociales entre les personnes, quels problèmes sont traités et quelles personnes sont impliquées dans ces derniers ? En présentant les résultats d’entretiens semi-structurés avec des pratiquants à Bruxelles, la capitale (non officielle) de l’Europe, nous espérons développer une compréhension empirique de l’apparence de ces nouvelles métaphores sociétales.

Resumen

En los últimos años, la relación entre las prácticas artísticas participativas y la vida urbana ha sido un tema de debate. En una sociedad urbana cada vez más plural, la co-presencia de diferentes grupos sociales y culturales ha creado una necesidad urgente de nuevas formas de relacionar el derecho a la libertad individual y por ende a la diversidad, con la necesidad de coherencia social. En esta búsqueda, el arte participativo ha ganado relevancia. Al abordar las formas artísticas que faltan y tener en cuenta los patrones de referencia cultural de las personas involucradas, se considera que las prácticas artísticas participativas juegan un papel importante en la producción de nuevas metáforas sociales que van más allá del discurso de vivir juntos sobre la base de una historia nacional común. Mientras que en la literatura académica esto ha llevado a menudo a ambiciosas reivindicaciones sociales y políticas, este artículo se enfoca en el mandato pedagógico social de estas prácticas. ¿Cómo interviene concretamente el arte participativo en las relaciones sociales entre las personas? ¿Qué desafíos se están abordando? y ¿Qué individuos están en el centro de estos desafíos? Al reportar sobre los hallazgos de entrevistas semiestructuradas con profesionales en Bruselas, la capital no oficial de Europa, nuestro objetivo es obtener una comprensión empírica de cómo pueden ser estas nuevas metáforas sociales.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Brussels respondents for engaging in our research, even in difficult COVID- times. We also express our gratitude to the anonymous reviewers and to the editors for helpful comments and suggestions on earlier drafts of this article.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1. Since Brussels is the only bilingual area of Belgium, community matters in the Brussels Capital Region are dealt with by the Community Commissions: the Flemish Community Commission (VGC) and the French Community Commission (COCOF). They are under the guardianship of the Community governments and are deemed to respect and apply the decrees in force. A joint and bilingual Community Commission (GGC/COCOM) is in charge of so-called bi-community matters, but has – for the time being – no cultural competences (Van Wynsberghe, Citation2013).

2. On 22 March 2016, three suicide bombings took place in Brussels: two at Brussels Airport, and one at the Maelbeek metro station. Thirty-two citizens were killed, over 300 people were injured. The perpetrators belonged to a terrorist cell that had been involved in the November 2015 Paris attacks.

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