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Abstract
The concept and practice of ‘Public Archaeology’, in the broadest sense, were conceived and developed in the West and then introduced to and applied by other parts of the world. Among its various facets are excavation programmes for the public. This article focuses on and compares South Korea’s and the UK’s excavation systems for the public to examine cases of similar and different public archaeology practices around the world. In South Korea, excavations are strictly governmental, professional, and academic, and thus ‘mock excavation’ programmes were developed to enable children to experience replicated excavation sites. In the UK, excavations have been led by interest groups since the nineteenth century. Today, participants in these interest groups are commonly referred to as amateur or community archaeologists and they participate in real archaeological excavations. This study compares the two countries’ approaches and systems with motivations to underpin how and why public archaeology practices can fundamentally differ according to internal circumstances and contexts. The aim is to point out how public archaeology practices inevitably become shaped by national and practical scopes and limitations.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Funding details
This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020S1A6A3A02065553).
Notes
1 Online and offline hybrid conference at Kyungpook National University in Daegu, 29 June to 3 July 2022 (Public Archaeology Session).
2 The laws were a combination of late Meiji heritage management laws, including Lost and Stolen Antiquities, Temple and Shrine Protection Laws, the Preservation of Stone and Metal Inscription, and Imperial Museum Laws (Pai, Citation2001: 79).
3 발굴조사의 방법 및 절차 등에 관한 규정.pdf (jia.or.kr).
4 Occupational Safety and Health Act Law (law.go.kr).
5 Occupational Safety and Health Act Law (law.go.kr).
6 Three in the Seoul/Gyeonggi areas; three in the Sejong area; three in the Jeolla province; four in the Gyeongsang province; two in the Gangwon province.
7 ‘Baekje’ was one of the ancient kingdoms of Korea alongside Goguryeo and Silla and this period is commonly referred to as the Three Kingdoms Period (from 57 bc to ad 668). Baekje was located in the mid-western part of Korea, and when it was first founded it formed its territorial base in today’s Seoul region. Due to several invasions and attacks, Baekje moved its base from Seoul to Gongju, Buyeo, and Iksan.
8 Registered Charity No. 206372.
10 For ordinary membership it is £43, for student membership it is £20, and for retired people membership is £32. BAA Membership | British Archaeological Association (thebaa.org).
12 In Australia, community-centered approaches first appeared in the 1980s, and in North America, the shift from ‘public archaeology’ – referring to archaeology practised by professionals with the public in mind – to archaeology that involved the public or community began to occur in the 1980s and early 1990s (Thomas, Citation2017: 19).
13 Commercial archaeology in the UK involves the contracting of professional archaeology services primarily to the construction industry (Orange and Perring, Citation2017: 138).
14 Young Archaeologists' Club Council for British Archaeology (archaeologyuk.org)
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Daeyoun Cho
Daeyoun Cho is a Professor at the Department of Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, Jeonbuk National University in South Korea. His research interests include Korean archaeology, archaeological science, and cultural heritage management. Correspondence to: [email protected]
Minjae Zoh
Minjae Zoh is a Research Professor at Seoul National University in South Korea. Her research focuses on the shifting international heritage discourse and the concept of heritage as a trend. Correspondence to: [email protected]
Jinyoung Woo
Jinyoung Woo is a PhD student in Archaeology at the Department of Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, Jeonbuk National University in South Korea. She is interested in Korean historical archaeology and cultural heritage management.