Exploring the diversity of flies (Diptera)

ABSTRACT

Flies (Diptera) are an important but underappreciated part of our planet's biodiversity. With over 124,000 described species, and countless more awaiting discovery, they are one of the most diverse groups of organisms on Earth. This series of ten papers explores the diversity of Diptera. Several authors describe the diversity of dipteran lifestyles and behaviours, both as larvae and adults. They also reveal the various roles that these animals play in the ecological interactions of the planet—countless numbers of flies feed on plants, control pest arthropods (including other flies!), break down rotting vegetation and excrement, pollinate flowers, provide food for other species, and of course, spread diseases. Indeed, because of their role as vectors of disease, flies have almost single-handedly prevented the economic development of countries in tropical Africa and South America. But flies are used in positive ways by humans, too, and several authors describe their use in forensic science, molecular research, and even as “main attractions” in the tourism industry. The intent of this series of papers is to encourage a broader interest in Diptera that, ideally, will lead to further research and conservation efforts.