Employing algal biomass for fabrication of biofuels subsequent to phytoremediation

Abstract

An alga belongs to the multi-pertinent group which can add to a significant sector of environment. They show a prevailing gathering of microorganisms for bioremediation due to their significant capacity to inactivate toxic heavy metals. It can easily absorb or neutralize the toxicity of heavy metals from water and soil through phytoremediation. Biosorption is a promising innovation that focuses on novel, modest, and exceptionally successful materials to apply in phytoremediation technology. Furthermore, algal biomass can be used for biofuel generation after phytoremediation using thermochemical or biological transformation processes. The algal components get affected by heavy metals during phytoremediation, but with the help of different techniques, these are yield efficient. The extreme lipid and mineral substances of microalgae have been proven helpful for biofuel manufacturing and worth extra products. Biofuels produced are bio-oil, biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, etc. The reuse capability of algae can be utilized toward ecological manageability and economic facility. In this review article, the reuse and recycling of algal biomass for biofuel production have been represented. This novel technique has numerous benefits and produces eco-friendly and economically beneficial products.

Novelty statement

This article explains how algal biomass left over after phytoremediation can be reused and recycled to produce biofuel. It is a novel technique that is cost-effective, demands less time for biofuel production as it does not include cultivation and harvesting time, and produces products that are economically and environmentally beneficial for society.

Keywords:

• Algae
• biofuel
• heavy metal
• phytoremediation

Acknowledgments

SK1, SK2, AS, PP, and MSS are thankful to Vivekananda Global University, TS is thankful to the University of Delhi for providing basic infrastructure, GPS, PL, and GA are thankful to RUSA 2.0 for providing necessary resources for the current study.