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Identity
An International Journal of Theory and Research
Volume 17, 2017 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Identity Work: Enactment of Racial-Ethnic Identity in Everyday Life

William E. Cross Jr.Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USACorrespondence[email protected]
,
Eleanor SeatonThe Stanford School, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
,
Tiffany YipDepartment of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA
,
Richard M. LeeDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
,
Deborah RivasDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
,
Gilbert C. GeeDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
,
Wendy RothDepartment of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
&
Bic NgoDepartment of Curriculum and Instruction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
 show all
Pages 1-12 | Published online: 31 Jan 2017
 
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ABSTRACT

In this theoretical analysis, we discuss the attributional and enactment approaches to identity and present a new ethnic-racial identity enactment model derived from extant theory and research. We highlight modes of identity work that provide (1) self-concept and self-esteem protection; (2) achievement and success during everyday encounters; (3) a sense of belonging and attachment to one’s ascriptive group; and (4) the relation between internalized oppression and internalized racism in everyday exchanges. We discuss the integration of self-concept mechanisms with mindsets and intentions specific to ethnic-racial identity dynamics. The article ends by highlighting a research procedure that fuses the attributional and enactment approaches to identity research.

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