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Original Articles

Effects of Whole Cigarette Smoke on Human Gingival Fibroblast Adhesion, Growth, and Migration

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Pages 848-862 | Received 24 Nov 2010, Accepted 08 Feb 2011, Published online: 18 May 2011
 

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a single exposure to whole cigarette smoke on human gingival fibroblast behavior. Normal oral mucosa fibroblasts were exposed once to whole cigarette smoke for 5, 15, or 30 min, and then were used to analyze cell adhesion, β1-integrin expression, cell growth and viability, cell capacity to contract collagen gel, and cell migration following wound infliction. Our findings showed that when gingival fibroblasts were exposed once to whole cigarette smoke, this resulted in a significant inhibition of cell adhesion, a decrease in the number of β1-integrin-positive cells, increased LDH activity in the target cells, and reduced growth. The smoke-exposed fibroblasts were also not able to contract collagen gel matrix and migrate following insult. Overall results demonstrate that a single exposure to whole cigarette smoke produced significant morphological and functional deregulation in gingival fibroblasts. This may explain the higher predisposition of tobacco users to oral infections and diseases such as cancer.

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants from the “Fonds Émile-Beaulieu,” Faculty of Dental Medecine, Université Laval, the “Réseau de recherche en santé buccodentaire et osseuse du FRSQ,” and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Program (MR).

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