An Optimal Model for Power Quality Improvement in Smart Grid using Gravitational Search-based Proportional Integral Controller and Node Microcontroller Unit

Abstract

In recent years, the Intervention of information and communication technology creates a major impact on various disciplines like electrical, electronic, and mechanical engineering. In acceding to that, the revision of the conventional grid to the smart grid is a challenging chore for numerous developing countries. In smart grid communication systems, there exist various power quality issues namely voltage sags, swells, and harmonics and it is necessary to minimize such power quality issues. Therefore, this article proposes smart monitoring in a smart grid (SMSG) system. The efficient SMSG system is proposed for monitoring load current, source current and harmonics present in the source. In addition to this, a designing of shunt active power filter (SAPF) with proportional integral (PI) controller is tuned by gravitational search algorithm for harmonic mitigation. For recognizing the quality of Electricity from the smart grid, the SMSG system monitors the total harmonic distortion (THD) before and after accomplishing SAPF. The Wi-Fi-based node microcontroller unit (NodeMCU) module is considered the most significant SMSG component that monitors the power quality under the firebase cloud environment. The simulation of SAPF was enacted by MATLAB 2016a and the hardware setup for the three-phase source current has experimented with NodeMCU. Finally, the performance of the system is analyzed for various non-linear loads with THD monitored in the Firebase cloud.

Keywords:

• smart grid
• total harmonics distortion
• shunt active power filter
• gravitational search algorithm
• smart monitoring
• PI controller

Additional information

Notes on contributors

M. Manimegalai

M. Manimegalai obtained her Bachelor's degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Anna University, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu. Then she obtained his Master’s degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Anna University Chennai, Tamilnadu and pursuing PhD in Information and Communication Engineering majoring in Anna University, Chennai, Tamilnadu. She has 7 years of teaching experience in Computer Science and Engineering. Currently, she is working as Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Information Technology, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti. Her specializations include IOT, Cyber Security, and Power Quality in Smart Grid. Her current research interests are design of shunt active power filter using ANN and Fuzzy logic.

K. Sebasthirani

K. Sebastirani currently working as Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College. She completed BE degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Government College of Engineering, Thirunelveli (Manonmanium Sundaranar University). She completed ME degree in Power Electronics and Drives from Government College of Engineering, Thirunelveli (Anna University, Chennai). She was awarded Ph.D degree in the area of Shunt Active Filter in the year 2014 at Anna University Chennai. She joined as a lecturer in 1998. She has around 23 years of teaching experience. She acts as a recognized supervisor in Anna University. She is currently supervising 5 Ph.D scholars. She has published papers in more than 55 International Journals and International and National Conferences. She has published a book on “Electromechanical Energy Conversion”. She has organized and attended various workshops. She has received Outstanding Scientist Award by International Research Awards on Science, Health and Engineering SHEN 2020 Awards. She has received the Best Women Faculty Award by DK international research foundation. She has been awarded NPTEL top mentor in Control Engineering. She has organized many conferences and chaired several technical sessions in national and international conferences. She is a member of Doctoral Committee for Ph.D scholars of Anna University, Chennai. She acts as reviewer in reputed journals. She has successfully completed TNSCST Student funded project on “Conflagration detection in forest using Zigbee Sensor”. She has also conducted Anna University Sponsored Faculty Development Training Program on EE 8552-Power Electronics. She has received and doing several patents and copyright. She has organised various workshop, faculty development programs, seminars and webinar etc. She is a life member of ISTE and IAENG. I have completed Nptel online courses on Introduction to soft computing, introduction to Internet of things, Introduction to smart grid, Control Engineering Advanced linear continuous control system, advanced Power Electronics and several coursera courses on Introduction to Renewable energy and green building entrepreneurship and matlab courses like Matlab on Ramp. She has motivated and mentored several students projects. She has mentored MHRD Innovation Project-Result-POC Attempted and Final Round selected. Her areas of interests are power electronics, digital signal processing, control system, power quality and power system etc.