Influence of the Fiber Origin on its Structure and Geometrical Indices

ABSTRACT

It is known that surface characteristics of protein fiber are important in the functional properties of wool fabrics. Fiber diameter and length determine processing performance and end use of wool. This paper studied the structure and geometrical indices (diameter, length, and linear density) of German blackface sheep and different breeds of dog’s (Bobteil, Flemish Bubje, and Shih-Tzu) hair fiber.

This study was aimed to analyze results of protein fiber structure and geometrical indices, obtained by different methods and to investigate the relationship between the kind of protein fiber and the structure of them. Three methods for measuring mean fiber diameter (MFD) were compared: optical microscope “Ascania,” Sirolan Laserscan equipment and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results of structure, mentioned by “Diapan” microscope and SEM showed that sheep’s wool and dog’s hair fibers have different types of scale shape, cross-section, even some of them have medulla inside hair. It was found that MFD, mentioned in three different methods, was varied in small interval. So, each of investigated methods can be used for determining diameter of these protein fiber. Differences between the scale shapes, scale frequency, and scale edge size of sheep’s wool and dog’s hair fibers were explained in details. There were discrepancies between results of theoretical and experimental linear density of all mentioned fibers in this research. These discrepancies not exceed 15%. Results of this study show that there are the substantial differences between surface and cross-section of sheep’s wool and dog’s hair fiber. Moreover, it was observed that quality of measured fibers can also be optimized to produce blends, which could be used for woolen yarns.

摘要

众所周知，蛋白质纤维的表面特性对于羊毛织物的功能特性至关重要。纤维直径和长度确定了羊毛的加工性能和最终用途。本文研究德国黑脸羊和不同品种的狗（Bobteil、Flemish Bubje 和 Shih-Tzu）毛发纤维的结构和几何指数（直径、长度和线密度）。本研究的目的是分析由不同方法得到的蛋白质纤维的结构和几何指数结果，并调查蛋白质纤维品种和它们的结构之间的关系。本文对用于测量平均纤维直径（MFD）的三种方法进行了比较：光学显微镜“Ascania”、Sirolan 激光扫描设备和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）。由“Diapan”显微镜和 SEM 获得的结果表明，羊毛和狗毛纤维具有不同类型的鳞片形状、横截面，甚至有的毛发带有内髓质。研究发现，用三种不同方法得到的 MFD 仅有微小差异。因此，每种调查方法都可用于确定这些蛋白质纤维的直径。本文还详细解释了羊毛和狗毛纤维在鳞片形状、鳞片频率、鳞片边缘大小之间的差异。研究发现所有纤维的理论线密度和实验线密度的结果之间存在差异。这些差异不超过 15％。这项研究的结果表明，羊毛和狗毛纤维的表面和横截面之间存在巨大差异。此外，研究观察到，所测量纤维的质量也可以被优化以产生掺合物，这种掺合物可用于羊毛纱线。

KEYWORDS:

• Dog hair fiber
• medullated fibers
• sheep wool fiber
• wool linear density
• wool scales

关键词:

• 狗毛纤维
• 髓纤维
• 羊毛纤维
• 羊毛线密度
• 羊毛鳞片