ABSTRACT
A low-rank coal was subjected to deoxygenation using NiO/Mo2O3-ZSM-5 as the catalyst and ethanol as the solvent under pressurized hydrogen circumstance to acquire a catalytic product (CP). Another parallel reaction was repeated with the same procedure but with nitrogen circumstance and without the catalyst to obtain a non-catalytic product (NCP). Both CP and NCP were analyzed with a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) and an Orbitrap mass spectrometer (Orbitrap MS) to understand the deoxygenation features of low-rank coal. Low polar and molecular mass compounds were detected in NCP and CP using GC/MS. Compared with GC/MS, more species and high polarity were identified in NCP and CP by Orbitrap MS. The three analytical techniques indicated the effective oxygen removal during the catalytic treatment and provide a comprehensive evaluation of the deoxygenation process.
Nomenclature
CP | = | Catalytic product |
CN | = | Carbon number |
DBE | = | Double-bond equivalence |
ESI | = | Electrospray ionization |
FTIR | = | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy |
GC/MS | = | Gas chromatography/mass spectrometer |
HRMS | = | High-resolution mass spectrometry |
MS | = | Mass spectrometry |
NCCs | = | Nitrogen-containing compounds |
NCP | = | Non-catalytic product |
NIST | = | National Institute of Standards and Technology |
OCCs | = | Oxygen-containing compounds |
WLFC | = | Wucaiwan long flame coal |
XPS | = | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |