An improved moth swarm algorithm based fractional order type-2 fuzzy PID controller for frequency regulation of microgrid system

ABSTRACT

This research work introduces an improvised moth swarm algorithm (i-MSA) to resolve the load frequency control issue of microgrid (MG) systems. A microgrid system is a cluster of distributed generation (DG) power sources like photovoltaic (PV), wind power systems along with electric storage devices such as electrochemical batteries, flywheel systems, and electric vehicles. The unpredictable responses of DG sources influence a large frequency deviation, which creates frequency regulation problems taken as the problem objective for this research work. In the preliminary stage, the effectiveness of the i-MSA has been established by performing a comparative analysis considering single/multidimensional benchmark test functions. To validate the superiority of the i-MSA method, the technical viability has been measured by comparing the outcomes of the proposed approach with those of some newly recommended optimization methods. Furthermore, an advanced hybrid fractional order type-2 fuzzy PID (FO-T2F-PID) controller is projected for frequency control of the MG system. The uncertainties due to DG source penetration in the MG system and the impact of storage devices including the EV system to regulate the frequency have been studied using the proposed approach. The effect of operational parameter variations has been studied through a sensitivity test. From the data analysis, it is observed that the i-MSA-scaled FO-T2F-PID approach presents advancement in the fitness function of 29.11%, 33.53%, 47.16%, and 55.37% as compared to h-DE-PS: 2DOF/PID, I-JAYA: fuzzy PD/PI-PD, hybrid DFPS: TID, and Kriging: FOPID approaches, respectively. Similarly, the improvement in the settling interval for the proposed approach is observed to be 33.83%, 35.82%, 38.12%, and 42.18% as related to h-DE-PS: 2DOF/PID, I-JAYA: fuzzy PD/PI-PD, hybrid DFPS: TID, and Kriging: FOPID approaches, respectively. To indorse the practicability of the i-MSA-based FO-T2F-PID method, real-time simulation testing has been carried out in the MATLAB-interfaced OPAL-RT experimental setup. Finally, the optimum results obtained from the proposed approaches are confirmed by relating the same to some recently published frequency regulation outcomes in a benchmark power system model. It is observed that the i-MSA-based FO-T2F-PID method delivers advancement in microgrid frequency control compared to recent research outcomes.

KEYWORDS:

• Automatic generation control
• distributed generation
• fractional order type-2 fuzzy controller
• frequency regulation
• improvised moth swarm algorithm
• microgrid system
• energy storage devices
• electric vehicles

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).