Sensitivity analysis of the variables affecting indoor thermal conditions on unconditioned dwellings in equatorial high-altitude regions from an experimentally validated model

ABSTRACT

Equatorial high-altitude regions are typically characterized by low non-extreme temperatures with a high diurnal oscillation. Therefore, typical constructive practices, in these regions, do not include the use of air-conditioning equipment or energy criteria in building design. As a consequence, dwellings behave out of the comfort temperature ranges most of the year. This work aims to investigate the influence of the main building parameters on the thermal behaviour of residential buildings in these regions. Results may be very helpful to outline recommendations in early design. A simplified model of a building located in Quito city (0${}^{\circ }$ latitude, 2800 MASL) using fourdifferent boundary conditions was developed. The model was validated by comparison with experimental measurements of indoor temperature for two dwellings. The model was used to conduct a parametric study as well as a sensitivity analysis of the influence of the window-to-wall ratio, infiltration ratio, wall material and thickness, facade orientation and use of single or double glass on the windows. Results showed that thickness and window-to-wall ratio and walls material are the most influencing parameters. Likewise, the use of insulation on the envelope, mainly in the roof, may help to reduce the discomfort, but always accompanied with other measures.

KEYWORDS:

• Building thermal simulation
• sensitivity analysis
• unconditioned dwellings
• equatorial high-altitude regions

Acknowledgments

Authors acknowledge to Isabel Miño-Rodríguez, Alex Toasa, Jeannette Muñoz and Inés Prado for the collaboration during the measurement campaign.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge Escuela Politécnica Nacional for the ongoing funding through the internal project PIS-15-12 which supported the development of this research.