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Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A Volume 30, 2013 - Issue 5
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Original Articles

Migration of perfluoroalkyl acids from food packaging to food simulants

Y. XuUS FDA, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA;US FDA, Center for Biologics Evaluation Department, 5516 Nicholson Lane, Kensington, MD, USA
,
G.O. NoonanUS FDA, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USACorrespondence[email protected]
&
T.H. BegleyUS FDA, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
Pages 899-908 | Received 21 Nov 2012, Accepted 20 Mar 2013, Published online: 24 May 2013
 
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Abstract

A broad range of fluorochemicals is used to impart oil and water barrier properties to paper and paperboard food packaging. Many of the fluorochemicals are applied to paper and paperboard as complex mixtures containing reaction products and by-products and unreacted starting materials. This work primarily focussed on the determination of seven perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) in two commercially available food contact papers: a di-perfluoro-alkyloxy-amino-acid and a perfluoroalkyl phosphate surfactant. In addition, the migration of the PFCAs into five food simulants from two commercial packages was evaluated. All seven PFCAs were detected in the range of 700–2220 µg kg−1 of paper, while three perfluoroalkyl sulphonates were under the LOD. Results from migration tests showed that migration depends on paper characteristics, time and food simulant. The percentage of migration after 10 days at 40°C ranged from 4.8% to 100% for the two papers and different food simulants.

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