Direct determination of 3-chloropropanol esters in edible vegetable oils using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS-Orbitrap)

ABSTRACT

A series of refined edible oils derived from mixed seeds, peanuts, corn, sunflower and palm obtained from the local supermarket were analyzed for their content of 3-MCPD esters. A direct analytical method for the determination of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPD esters) was applied to investigate the major MCPD esters found in common edible oils; in particular seven types of monoesters and eleven types of diesters were detected. The limits of detection (LODs) for monoesters and diesters of 3-MCPD were in the range of 0.079–12.678 µg kg⁻¹ and 0.033–18.610 µg kg⁻¹ in edible oils, and the ranges of limits of quantitation (LOQs) were 0.979–38.035 µg kg⁻¹ and 0.100–55 µg kg⁻¹, respectively. The recoveries of 3-MCPD esters from oil samples were in the range of 80–100%, with RSD ranging between 1.9 and 11.8%. The concentration levels of total 3-MCPD diesters in vegetable oil samples were in the range from 0.106 up to 3.444 μg g⁻¹ whereas total monoesters ranged from 0.005 up to 1.606 μg g⁻¹.

Graphical Abstract

KEYWORDS:

• Refined oils
• high resolution mass spectrometry
• 3-MCPD esters

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

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