Experimental study of the direct shear characteristics of cement grout under constant normal loading and stiffness boundary conditions

Abstract

Grouting cable is one of the most critical technologies in mine support. However, there are few studies on the effect of post-peak residual strength of cement grout under direct shear testing, which is of great significance for evaluating the bearing capacity of grouting cables in the whole life cycle. Hence, in this study, we carried out a systematic direct shear test to reveal the shear characteristics of cement grout under both constant normal loading (CNL) and constant normal stiffness (CNS) boundary conditions. The test results show that, under the same initial normal stress, the peak shear strength of the cement grout obtained under the CNS boundary conditions is greater than that under the CNL boundary conditions. The high initial normal force reduces the effect of boundary conditions on the post-peak mechanical shear properties of the cement specimens. Moreover, under CNS boundary conditions, the acoustic emission activity of the sample has an obvious signal before the peak shear strength, accompanied by multiple large ringing counts, indicating that the internal damage of the cement grout starts before the peak intensity. This work enhances the understanding of cement grouting fracture characteristics in mining support engineering.

Keywords:

• Cement grout
• direct shear test
• shear strength
• constant normal stiffness conditions
• acoustic emission

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this study.

Authors’ contributions

Dajiang Liu: Investigation, Validation, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. Hongwen Jing: Supervision, Conceptualisation, Investigation, Validation, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Funding acquisition. Bo Meng: Investigation, Validation, Methodology, Writing –original draft, Writing—review & editing, Funding acquisition. Yuan Gao: Data Curation, Software, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. Zixuan Yu: Software, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing.

Data availability

Data will be made available on request.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51504247, 51734009 and 52074259) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BZ2020066).