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Articles

The influence of a leader's servant leadership on employees' perception of customers' satisfaction with the service and employees' perception of customers' trust in the service firm: the moderating role of employees' trust in the leader

服务型企业中领导者的服务型领导能力对员工感知顾客满意度和顾客信任的影响:员工对领导信任的调节作用。

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Pages 65-76 | Received 10 May 2013, Accepted 24 Aug 2013, Published online: 14 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

This study examines why a leader needs to establish good relations with his/her subordinate employees to build strong relationships with customers. The production and the consumption of goods in the service sector occur simultaneously, and it is the customer who determines the quality of the service provided (Bateson, 1985; Bradley, Fox, & Morris, 2004; Pfeffer, 1994).

Bradley et al. (2004) has shown that leadership style influences employees' behavior patterns as well as the service they provide. The success of internal marketing depends on the kind of leadership a manager demonstrates. However, no study has directly examined the effect of servant leadership on customers' satisfaction. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the impact of servant leadership on employees' perceptions of customers' satisfaction with a service and their trust in the service firm. It demonstrates how employees' trust in the leader moderates the effect of servant leadership on employees' perceptions of customers' satisfaction with a service and their trust in the service firm.

为什么一个领导要与顾客保持良好关系,首先要与他/她的下属员工保持良好关系呢? 对此,本研究进行了一系列调查。

由于服务的生产过程与消费过程同时进行,因此服务质量取决于迎接顾客的员工能力。而领导风格 是决定员工态度和行为的重要因素。 本研究论证了服务型领导是否对产品质量、顾客满意和员工感知有直接的影响。 (Bateson, 1985; Bradley et al., 2004; Pfeffer, 1994) 。

Bradley (2004)曾说过,领导风格不仅影响员工的行为模式,对服务质量也有直接的影响,内部营销业绩因管理人员展示的领导风格而异。何谓服务型领导?首先, 把他人如员工、顾客和社区等作为考虑服务的第一对象, 并为满足这些对象需求而尽心尽责 (Greenleaf, 1977).。

服务型领导会开发能干的下属并把权限委任于他们 (Boyer, 1999). 。 服务型领导会尊重下属的价值,一心鼓励他们创新 (Sims, 1997)。赋予员工权利便可以有效改善服务质量,从而提高顾客满意度 (Bowen & Lawler, 1995) 。

Bateson (1985)强调, 把服务员工定义为内部顾客, 要是希望外部顾客对他们的服务质量感到满意,那么首先支持内部员工,让他们先感到满意。

为组织内部树立信赖文化的服务型领导会使组织获得更高的成就,这一点已被证实 (Lowe, 1998) 。 Joseph and Winston (2005)发现, 领导的服务意识与员工对领导的信赖之间存在着相互关系。

某些研究已表明, 领导者具有服务型领导风格, 不仅会影响服务质量,而且对员工行为模式也会产生影响。但关于服务型领导是否直接影响顾客对服务质量的满意度尚无研究。因此本研究目的在于,分析服务型领导对服务质量的满意度和员工感知带来的影响。然后进一步阐明,如何调节员工对领导的信赖和服务型领导对服务质量的满意度以及员工感知带来的影响。

结果显示,服务型领导给员工感知带来积极影响,促使员工留意顾客对服务的满意度。而且,领导的信赖度越高,对员工带来的影响更大,这种服务型领导使员工更加留意顾客对服务的满意度。

关于服务型领导的之前研究着重于要求员工提高自身实务能力上(Bradley et al., 2004). 而本研究虽然从员工的角度出发衡量服务型领导,但确认了服务型领导直接并积极影响顾客满意度。

基于本研究结果,领导在要求员工服务顾客之前,首先领导要先服务好员工。领导以身作则给员工展示服务典范,那么员工就自然而然服务于顾客。通常的奖励制度引不起充分的服务动机。当员工成为公司的主人,并受到领导尊重时,员工才能真心服务于顾客,负责地对待每一位顾客。最终使顾客对服务感到满意。

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