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Special Issue: Sustainable Marketing in Asia and the World

Factors affecting consumer attitude towards organic food: an empirical study in Hong Kong

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Pages 216-231 | Received 29 Oct 2014, Accepted 18 Mar 2015, Published online: 15 Jun 2015
 

Abstract

This paper presents the findings of a study on the influence of health consciousness, organic food knowledge and environmental concern on Hong Kong consumers' attitudes toward organic foods. A survey was conducted using a sample of 222 respondents and a partial least squares approach was used to validate the research model. Environmental concern and organic food knowledge are found to have positive influences on consumers' attitude towards organic foods, consistent with research results from prior studies. Our research results also conclude that health consciousness does not show a significant influence on the attitudes of young consumers toward organic food products. Several implications of our findings for research and for the continued development of the organic food industry in Asia are proposed.

影响消费者对有机食品态度的因素:香港市场的实证研究

有机食品是由许多研究者在不同研究领域给出的可互换的定义,如生物学、生态学、自然、未喷洒、环保。有机食物在生产过程中不使用传统杀虫剂,而动物也不会使用抗生素和生长激素喂养 (Paul & Rana, Citation2012)。越来越多的人关注有机食物,因为有机食品是必须通过对环境损害较小的农的场管理。消费者对生态或绿色产品感兴趣,不仅仅是因为健康的选择,他们希望为子孙后代保持好的较环境。因此,了解消费者对有机食品的态度对绿色产品市场的发展非常重要。

根据预期值理论(Ajzen, Citation2001; Ajzen & Fishbein, Citation2008; Fishbein & Ajzen, Citation1975),度康和环保信念都会影响消费者对有机食品的态度(Thøgersen, Citation2007; Wandel & Bugge, Citation1997)。由于营销工作者经常以健康和环保推销有机食品,测试这些因素是否能够有助于消费者对有机食品的态度是很重要的。不同的研究人员也强调了知识和意识对发展消费者对有机食品的积极态度的重要性(Bonti-Ankomah & Yiridoe, Citation2006)。因此,本研究提出了消费者对健康意识、环保意识和有机食品知识的信念,作为消费者对有机食品态度的主要决定因素。

此项研究以定量分析作为主要研究方法。研究目标是中度和重度有机食品使用者,数据收集方法为结构式问卷。共收到222份问卷用于数据分析。样本主要是在香港的年轻人,大部分受访者都是介乎“19到29岁”年龄组别中。这项研究以SmartPLS统计软件进行数据分析,以證明各种因素对有机食品态度的影响。统计分析结果表明,环境问题和有机食品知识是有机食品态度的决定因素。营销人员应该把更多的重点放在促进对社会有益的环保态度。有机食品公司需要发展消费者的积极态度,强强调有机食品不是欺诈的宣传,宣传而是通过国际组织认证的。营销人员可以通过认证核实的标签来区分他们的有机食品。这将改善消费者对于有机食物的知识,而且对这些产品的态度有积极的影响。

本研究的统计分析结果显示,健康意识并不积极影响消费者对有机食品的态度。我们的研究结果也支持Wandel and Bugge (Citation1997)有机食品研究的论据。他们的有机食品研究指出年轻消费者认主要考虑环境因素,而年长消费者更多考虑的是健康问题。因此,强调产品的环保因素解决年轻消费者的需求是非常重要的。

随着健康意识和态度之间存在对有机食品的非显著关系,未来的研究可以扩展研究的範围包括品的具体属性、食品安全和消费者的产品信念,并且探讨有机食品购买意图的决定因素。

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