Utilization of industrial waste materials for the production of lightweight aggregates: a review

Abstract

Enormous quantities of unwanted industrial wastes are produced by various industries. As a result, the issues related to the environment and land scarcity have been raised. The utilization of industrial waste as raw materials is a good solution to solve these problems. This study explored and summarized the potential application of industrial waste such as fly ash, bottom ash, rice husk ash, palm oil kernel and slag, as materials for artificial aggregate production. The properties of lightweight aggregates (LWAs) from various industrial wastes were defined. The production, curing method and combination of different raw materials were reviewed to identify the process of LWAs. Findings indicate that the specific gravity of the LWAs was approximately 16% to 46% lighter than the normal aggregate with higher water absorption (<25%). The mechanical properties of the LWAs further indicate satisfactory performance for different usage of concrete applications according to their strength.

Keywords:

• Lightweight aggregate
• industrial waste
• artificial aggregate
• property

Acknowledgment

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia under the Fundamental Grant (Ref No: 203/PPBGN/6711610).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.