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Mitochondrial DNA Part A
DNA Mapping, Sequencing, and Analysis
Volume 29, 2018 - Issue 5
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Research Article

Morphological and genetic divergence between lake and river populations of Triplophysa in Ngangtse Co, Tibet

, , , &
Pages 778-784 | Received 18 May 2017, Accepted 17 Jul 2017, Published online: 29 Jul 2017
 

Abstract

Ngangtse Co (4535 m a.s.l., 840 km2) is a typical endorheic lake in Tibet. In 2015, we investigated the fish resource in this lake and its rivers and collected two Triplophysa species, including T. brevicauda and T. stewarti. To understand the evolutionary dynamics of Triplophysa in Ngangtse Co, the adaptive and genetic divergence between river and lake populations were investigated by analysing their morphological characteristics and mitochondrial COI and Cytb sequences. Among all of 277 samples, the ratios of the number of T. brevicauda to T. stewarti were 27:8, 34:11, 14:24, 37:0, 16:23 and 0:83 in river populations RA, RB, RC, RD, lakeside population LSE and lake population L, respectively. For T. brevicauda, a small but significant genetic divergence (mean FST = 0.0890) was detected between population RD and other three river populations, and significant morphological differences of body length/body height and body length/caudal peduncle length were observed between population RD and RA, RB, suggesting an association between differentiation and geographical distance. For T. stewarti, very high levels of genetic differentiation was observed between population L and other populations with the FST values ranging from 0.4737 (L-RA) to 0.7074 (L-RC). In addition, significant differences of most of morphological characteristics were observed between the lake (L) and river (RC) populations, indicating that lake fish of T. stewarti was a population that showed a long-term adaptation to the saltwater lake. These results provide insights on the evolutionary dynamics of Triplophysa in Ngangtse Co and help us to understand the fish speciation in endorheic lakes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Acknowledgments

We thank Yintao Jia and Yangyang Liang for sample preparation and technical assistance.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the National Science and Technology Basic Special (2014FY210700) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31372166, 31572248 and 31601844).

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