ABSTRACT
Nowadays, the Polymer materials play a niche role in engineering material industries because of their supportive and cooperative material properties like lightweight, less noise, self-lubrication behaviour, and cost-effectiveness, etc. In this case, the polymer materials do not give the desired properties individually, instead different types of fillers are added to increase the strength of the polymers. Among the different types of thermoplastic engineering polymers, in this manuscript PEEK (Poly Ether Ether Ketone)-based polymer composite is reviewed. Generally, the PEEK is one of the most significant chemical resistant polymers besides that it possesses favourable basic physical, mechanical, and electrical properties. PEEK semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer possesses desirable thermal stability and is being used for high-performance engineering applications. Researchers have studied the influence of the various type of filler materials for improving the properties of PEEK. Our aim in this study is to review the influence of Carbon Nano Fibers (CNF), Carbon Nanotubes (CNT), and Graphene (G) as reinforcement in PEEK. This carbonaceous reinforcement is having a strength even greater than the strength of the steel, but its density is much lesser than steel. This character makes CNF-PEEK nanocomposites to be utilized in Aircraft applications. Likewise, carbon nanotubes and graphene are other predominant reinforcement materials used in making PEEK-based polymer composites. These reinforcements in combination make the PEEK nanocomposite system shield against electromagnetic interference and also enhance its electrical conductivity and thermal stability as well based on the method of distribution. The incorporation of carbonaceous nanoreinforcements in the PEEK matrix provides greater challenge and opportunity as well to produce a novel Nanocomposite with better physical and mechanical properties. In principle, an effective reinforcement for engineering application is expected to increase the mechanical and tribological behaviors of the composite system, which has been achieved by infusing the nano-reinforcements either directly or by performing different surface treatments on the nano-reinforcements. Considering the importance of PEEK-based composites in engineering application and also on considering the role of carbonaceous reinforcements in PEEK-based polymer systems, review on manufacturing aspects of CNF/CNT/GO-PEEK nanocomposites, role of nano-reinforcements in enhancing the physical, mechanical and tribological properties is presented in this manuscript.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for the support provided by a grant from National Institute of Technology, Agartala (Govt of India).
Abbreviation
1. PEEK-Poly Ether Ether Ketone
2. PEK-Poly Ether Ketone
3. CNF- Carbon Nano Fibers
4. CF-Carbon Fibers
5. CNT-Carbon Nano tubes
6. SWCNT-Single Walled Carbon Nano Tubes
7. MWCNT-Multi Walled Carbon Nano Tubes
8. GE-Graphene
9. GO-Graphene Oxide
10.Poly Aryl Ether Ketone
11. ILSS-Inter Laminar Shear Strength
12. EUMTM- Electronic Universal Material Testing Machine
13. S/T- Span to Thickness
14. TGA – Thermo Gravimetric Analysis
15. HDTA- Heat Deflection Temperature Analysis
16. DSC-Differential Scanning Calorimetry
17. SEM-Scanning Electron Microscope
18. TS-Tensile Strength
19. EB-Elongation of Break
20. FS-Flexural Strength
21. SS- Shear Strength
22.CS-Compression Strength
23.MMM- Melt Mixing Method
24. DOE-Design of Experiment
25. FDM-Fluke Digital Multi meter
26. IMT-Injection Moulding Technique
27.DMA- Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
28. UTS-Ultimate Tensile Stress
29. CVD- Chemical Vapour Deposition
30. MBE-Molecular Beam Epitaxy
31. SCM-Stir Casting Method
32. UMT-Universal Micro-Tribotester
33. WSD -Wear Scar Diameter
34. TEM -Transmission Electron Microscope
35. PMC-Polymer Matrix Composite
36. UMTM-Universal Mechanical Testing Machine
37. DMTA-Dynamics Mechanical Thermal Analysis
38. PTFE-Poly Tetra Floro Ethylene
39. HA-Hydroxyapatite
40. CSM- Cold Spray Method
41. SGF- Short Carbon Fiber
42. PTW-Potassium Titanate Whisker
43. TCP – Tri Calcium Phosphate
44.BG-Bio Active Glass
45.PLLA-Poly L Lactide
46. NIM-Nano-Indentation Method
47. UHMWPE-Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene
48. SrHA -Strontium substituted Hydroxyapatite
49. NASF-Natural Amorphous Silica Fibers
50. HNT- Halloysite Nanotubes
51. PEI- polyetherimide
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).