Effect of Non-LAB Probiotics on Foodborne Enteric Pathogens: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT

This systematic review aimed to highlight the newest information on the effects of non-lactic acid probiotics on the foodborne pathogens. Following the PRISMA-P guidelines, electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, Scopus) was searched from their inception up to September 23, 2019. 83 studies met the inclusion criteria after the full-text analysis of 558 articles. Results demonstrated that the majority of the studies focused on spore-forming bacteria and species-specific direct antagonism as the mechanism of action. Nevertheless, further research with in-vivo experimental setups with gnotobiotic animals regarding immunomodulating effects and inhibition of biofilm formation is required.

KEYWORDS:

• Probiotic
• spore-formers
• action mechanism
• yeast
• PRISMA
• foodborne pathogen

Highlights

- Non-LAB probiotics have a strain-specific antagonistic effect on the foodborne human pathogen

- Mechanisms of action against pathogens are immunomodulation, direct antagonism and exclusion

- Direct antagonism appears to be the most studied mechanism via antimicrobials of the Bacillus genus

- There is an upward trend in studies focusing on non-LAB and non-Saccharomyces probiotic strains

- Foods are still the most important source of novel probiotics but proprietary strains are also used

- Further studies should be aimed at in-vivo experiments with gnotobiotic animals at cellular level

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [grant number: 118O673] for funding Dr. Filiz Yeni, as a postdoctoral fellow.

Disclosure statement

: The author(s) have no relevant interests to declare.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [118O673].