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Original Articles

El rol del conocimiento conceptual en la resolución de problemas aritméticos con estructura aditiva

The role of conceptual knowledge in solving addition and subtraction word problems

Pages 451-468 | Received 01 Oct 2002, Accepted 01 May 2003, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

El presente trabajo ha sido desarrollado para analizar la importancia del conocimiento conceptual en la resolución de problemas aritméticos con estructura aditiva. Para ello, y partiendo de un modelo explicativo de los procesos y estrategias implicados en la tarea de resolver problemas, hemos estudiado la influencia del conocimiento conceptual en el propio contexto de resolución de problemas a partir de la idea de resistencia a la instrucción, es decir, a partir de la cantidad de ayuda que un alumno/a necesita para resolver la tarea. Los resultados muestran una relación entre el conocimiento conceptual y la resolución de problemas, aunque la mayor influencia se observa fundamentalmente en los problemas más complejos, aquellos que necesitan de conocimientos numéricos más avanzados. Los resultados son interpretados desde la importancia de la resolución de problemas en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la aritmética.

Abstract

The present study has been designed to analyse the role of conceptual knowledge in solving addition and subtraction word problems. For this purpose—and based on an explanatory model of the processes and strategies involved in problem solving—we have studied the influence of conceptual knowledge within the context of solving arithmetic word problems. The approach adopted is based on the notion of resistance to instruction; that is, of the quantity of help that a pupil needs to solve a task. The results show a relationship between conceptual knowledge and solving arithmetic word problems. However, a greater influence is observed in the most complex problems: those that require more advanced numerical knowledge. The implications of these results are related directly to arithmetic teaching and learning process.

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