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Original Articles

¿Cómo intervienen maestros y profesores para favorecer el aprendizaje en Secundaria? Un estudio comparativo desde el análisis del discurso

How do teachers intervene to encourage learning in Secondary Education? A discourse analysis based comparative study

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Pages 3-23 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

En este trabajo se analizan los mecanismos comunicativos que emplean los docentes para facilitar y favorecer el aprendizaje de los alumnos de secundaria y promover el establecimiento de un clima de aula emocionalmente positivo. Los objetivos planteados se orientan a: 1) analizar los comportamientos comunicativos, verbales, no- verbales y prosódicos que profesores y maestros emplean en el aula; 2) conocer si existen diferencias en dichos comportamientos discursivos entre maestros y profesores y 3) caso de existir diferencias, averiguar si la formación psicopedagógica inicial que recibieron los maestros es un factor decisivo que dé respuestas a las mismas. El procedimiento metodológico seguido se centra en un enfoque descriptivo-interpretativo con tres técnicas de recogida de datos: observación a través de videograbación, entrevistas y cuestionarios. Los resultados encontrados indican la existencia de diferencias entre los dos grupos de docentes pero éstas no se deben a la formación inicial psicopedagógica de los maestros.

Abstract

We analyse the communicative mechanisms that secondary school teachers use to facilitate and foster their students' learning, and to help establish an emotionally positive atmosphere in the classroom. The aims of the study were: (1) to analyse verbal, non-verbal, and prosodic communicative classroom behaviour of Secondary Education teachers, distinguishing two groups—those with an education degree and those with an academic degree; (2) to determine whether the two groups differed in these types of discourse; and (3) to determine whether, if such differences existed, they responded to the initial psychoædagogical education received by the education degree teachers. The methodological approach was descriptive-interpretative with three data collection techniques: observation through videorecordings, interviews, and questionnaires. The results showed that, while there were indeed differences between the two groups of teachers, these were not due to the initial instruction in psychoædagogy received in the education degree courses.

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