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Studies in Psychology
Estudios de Psicología
Volume 33, 2012 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Success breeds success, especially when self-efficacy is related with an internal attribution of causality

El éxito lleva al éxito, especialmente cuando la autoeficacia se relaciona con una atribución interna de causalidad

Pages 151-165 | Received 01 Jan 2012, Accepted 07 Mar 2012, Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Abstract

Taking the Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura as its starting point, this paper tests the hypothesis that academic self-efficacy influences future academic success through the differential impact of internal and external attribution of past success. Structural Equation Modelling performed with data from a longitudinal sample of 527 university students provides strong evidence supporting the research model. These findings show that past academic success has a positive influence on academic self-efficacy (p <.001) and on future academic success (p <.001). Two processes can then occur: (1) when self-efficacy is related with an internal attribution (p <.001) it has a positive impact on future academic success over time (p <.001); (2) when self-efficacy is related with an external attribution (p <.001) it has a negative impact on future academic success (p <.05). Theoretical and practical implications, as well as its limitations and future research, are discussed.

Resumen

Considerando la Teoría Cognitiva Social de Albert Bandura, el presente trabajo pone a prueba la hipótesis de que la autoeficacia académica influye en el éxito académico futuro a través del impacto diferencial de la atribución interna y externa de los éxitos pasados. Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales en una muestra longitudinal de 527 estudiantes universitarios apoyan el modelo de investigación. Estos resultados muestran que el éxito académico pasado tiene una influencia positiva sobre la autoeficacia académica (p <.001) y sobre el éxito académico futuro (p <.001). Dos procesos pueden entonces ocurrir: (1) cuando la autoeficacia se relaciona con una atribución interna (p <.001) se muestra un impacto positivo sobre el éxito académico futuro a lo largo del tiempo (p <.001); (2) cuando la autoeficacia se relaciona con una atribución externa (p <.001) el impacto sobre el éxito académico futuro es negativo (p <.05). Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados, sus limitaciones e investigación futura.

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