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Studies in Psychology
Estudios de Psicología
Volume 15, 1994 - Issue 51
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Original Articles

Competencia conceptual y de procedimiento: comprensión de la propiedad conmutativa de la adición y estrategias de solución

Conceptual and proceeding competence: Comprehension of the commutative property of addition and solving strategies

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Pages 3-21 | Published online: 23 Jan 2014
 

Resumen

En esta investigación se analizan los factores implicados en la adquisición de la estrategia aditiva de contar desde el sumando mayor y su relación con el conocimiento de la propiedad conmutativa de la suma. Tres grupos de niños con edades comprendidas entre los 5 y los 8 años resuelven tres tareas (resolver sumas, comparar sumas y encontrar el sumando desconocido), en dos condiciones experimentales (presencia/ausencia del resultado) y con cuatro tipos de sumandos (1 + N; círculos + guarismos; hechos numéricos; y hechos numéricos superiores a la decena). En general, los resultados muestran que los factores grupo, tarea, presencia/ausencia del resultado y tipo de sumandos influyen en el rendimiento de los niños. Asimismo, el análisis de las estrategias y errores nos ha permitido constatar la existencia de diferencias evolutivas entre los grupos. Por último, nuestros datos ponen de manifiesto que las estrategias aditivas de contar desde el mayor se acompañan de un cierto éxito en las tareas de conmutatividad y que el fracaso en la tarea de sumar no implica fracaso igualmente en las tareas de conmutatividad.

Abstract

In this research authors analyse the factors involved in the acquisition of the additive strategy of counting from the larger addend, and its relationship with the knowledge of the commutative law of addition. Three groups of children, with ages between 5 and 8 years, solved three tasks (i.e., solve additions; compare sums; and find the unknown addend), in two experimental conditions (i.e, presence/absence of the result) and with four types of addends (i.e., 1 + N; circles + numbers; numerical facts; and numerical facts greater than ten). In general, the results showed that the factors of group, task, presence/absence of the result, and kind of addend affected children's level of attainment. Moreover; the analysis of the strategies and errors let us verify the existence of developmental differences among the groups. Finally, our data pointed out that the additive strategies in which children start to count from the larger addend were linked to a certain success in the commutativity tasks, and that the failure in the additive task didn't involve a similar failure in the commutativity tasks.

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