Measures of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Function in Patients with Asthma Treated with Inhaled Glucocorticoids: Clinical and Research Implications

Abstract

In asthmatic patients treated with inhaled glucocorticoids there may be a risk of suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function. The aim of the present study was to review peer-refereed data on HPA function in asthmatic patients taking inhaled glucocorticoids, and to discuss the value of HPA function measures in clinical practice and research. There is no evidence that inhaled glucocorticoids in recommended doses cause clinically significant HPA insufficiency. If sensitive measures of basal adrenal activity are used, however, dose-related suppressive effects with specific drugs and application systems can be detected. In adults, fluticasone propionate appears to be more potent than budesonide or triamcinolone acetonide in suppressing measures of basal adrenal activity. Measures of basal adrenal activity are useful in clinical trials that assess and compare systemic activity of specific drugs, application devices, and administration regimens, but have no place in the management of asthma.

Key Words:

• Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function
• Cortisol
• Inhaled glucocorticoids
• Beclomethasone dipropionate
• Fluticasone propionate
• Budesonide
• Triamcinolone acetonide
• Flunisolide
• Asthma