Effects of estradiol–drospirenone on ocular and nasal functions in postmenopausal women

Abstract

Background Hormones may have an impact on the incidence and course of dry-eye syndrome, and also nasal obstruction, especially in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drospirenone 2 mg + estradiol 1 mg (Angeliq®, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany) on ocular functions and nasal airflow in postmenopausal women.

Methods Thirty-four postmenopausal women were recruited for the study. A questionnaire on ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was administered; after routine ophthalmologic examination, tear film break-up time (TBUT) and Schirmer tests were performed. Intraocular pressure was measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer. Nasal airflow resistance values were measured using rhinomanometry. Participants were submitted to oral daily treatment with drospirenone 2 mg + estradiol 1 mg. The duration of the study was 6 months and the participants were studied in the basal condition and after 6 months of therapy.

Results The OSDI score and intraocular pressure were significantly higher before treatment than after treatment (p < 0.001); however, the results of the TBUT and Schimer test were significantly lower (p < 0.05). Rhinomanometric values were better during drospirenone 2 mg + estradiol 1 mg therapy than those observed at baseline (p < 0.001).

Conclusions Oral daily treatment with drospirenone 2 mg + estradiol 1 mg reduces the risks for ocular diseases and nasal obstruction in postmenopausal women.

Key words:

• Hormone replacement therapy
• Drospirenone
• Angeliq
• Dry eye
• Ocular disease
• Nasal airflow

Conflict of interest The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Source of funding Nil.