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Subject Review

Telepractice in the assessment and treatment of individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review

, MA, , &
Pages 423-432 | Received 06 Jun 2010, Accepted 07 Jun 2010, Published online: 01 Oct 2010
 

Abstract

Objective: Studies involving the use of telepractice in the delivery of services to individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were reviewed with the intent to inform practice and identify areas for future research.

Methods: Systematic searches of electronic databases, reference lists and journals identified eight studies that met pre-determined inclusion criteria. These studies were analysed and summarized in terms of the: (a) characteristics of the participants, (b) technology utilized, (c) services delivered via telepractice, (d) research methodology and (e) results of the study.

Results: Telepractice was used by university-based researchers, behaviour analysts, psychiatrists and psychologists to assist caretakers and educators in the delivery of services to 46 participants with ASD. The services delivered included behavioural and diagnostic assessments, educational consulting, guidance and supervision of behavioural interventions and coaching/training in the implementation of a comprehensive early intervention programme.

Conclusions: Results suggests telepractice is a promising service delivery approach in the treatment of individuals with ASD that warrants additional research. Guidelines for practitioners and potential directions for future research are discussed.

Objetivo: Se revisaron los estudios relacionados con el uso de teleconsulta en la prestación de servicios a individuos con trastornos del espectro autista (ASD) con la intención de informar la práctica y para identificar áreas de futura investigación.

Métodos: Búsquedas sistematizadas de bases de datos electrónicas, listas de referencias y revistas identificaron ocho estudios que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión previamente establecidos. Los estudios fueron analizados y resumidos en los términos de (a) las características de los participantes, (b) la tecnología utilizada, (c) los servicios prestados, (d) metodología de investigación y (e) los resultados del estudio.

Resultados: La teleconsulta fue utilizada por investigadores universitarios, analistas de la conducta, psiquiatras y psicólogos para ayudar a los cuidadores y educadores en la prestación de servicios a 46 participantes con ASD. Los servicios prestados incluyeron valoraciones diagnósticas y de la conducta, consultoría educativa, dirección y supervisión de intervenciones conductuales así como en orientación y capacitación en la implementación de un exhaustivo programa de intervención temprana.

Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que la teleconsulta es un prometedor enfoque de prestación de servicios en el tratamiento de individuos con ASD que amerita mayor investigación. Se discuten directrices para profesionales y probables direcciones para investigaciones futuras.

Palabras clave: teleconsulta, telemedicina, telediagnóstico, telesalud, video conferencia, educación a distancia, autismo, ASD, Asperger, PDD-NOS

Notes

*Studies included in the review

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