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Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods Volume 26, 2016 - Issue 6
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Research Article

Reductions in biomarkers of exposure (BoE) to harmful or potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes in adult smokers

Grant O’ConnellFontem Ventures, B.V, Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
,
Donald W. GraffCelerion Inc, Lincoln, USA;
&
Carl D. D’RuizFontem Ventures, B.V, Greensboro, NC, USACorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 453-464 | Received 25 Apr 2016, Accepted 27 May 2016, Published online: 12 Jul 2016

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