Nanotubular TiO₂ regulates macrophage M2 polarization and increases macrophage secretion of VEGF to accelerate endothelialization via the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT pathways

Wei-Chang Xu1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Xiao Dong1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Jing-Li Ding2 Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

Ji-Chun Liu1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Jian-Jun Xu1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Yan-Hua Tang1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Ying-Ping Yi3 Department of Science and Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

Chao Lu1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Wei Yang1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Jue-Sheng Yang1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Yi Gong1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]

Jian-Liang Zhou1 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, [email protected]Correspondence[email protected]

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