A review of the ecology and management of temporarily open/closed estuaries in South Africa, with particular emphasis on river flow and mouth state as primary drivers of these systems

AK Whitfield South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South AfricaCorrespondence[email protected]

GC Bate Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 7700, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa

JB Adams Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 7700, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa

PD Cowley South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa

PW Froneman Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa

PT Gama Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 7700, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa

NA Strydom Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 7700, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa

S Taljaard Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO Box 320, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa

AK Theron Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO Box 320, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa

JK Turpie South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa

L van Niekerk Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), PO Box 320, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa

TH Wooldridge Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 7700, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa

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A review of the ecology and management of temporarily open/closed estuaries in South Africa, with particular emphasis on river flow and mouth state as primary drivers of these systems

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A review of the ecology and management of temporarily open/closed estuaries in South Africa, with particular emphasis on river flow and mouth state as primary drivers of these systems

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