The reasons for using restraint and seclusion in psychiatric inpatient care: A nationwide 15-year study

Alice Keski-Valkama Alice Keski-Valkama, M.Sc., Vanha Vaasa Hospital, PO Box 13, 65381 Vaasa, FinlandCorrespondence[email protected]

Eila Sailas Eila Sailas, M.D., National Institute of Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, and Kellokoski Hospital, 04500 Kellokoski, Finland

Markku Eronen Markku Eronen, M.D., Ph.D., Med.dir., Vanha Vaasa Hospital, PO Box 13, 65381 Vaasa, Finland

Anna-Maija Koivisto Anna-Maija Koivisto, M.Sc., Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, 33014 University of Tampere, Finland

Jouko Lönnqvist Jouko Lönnqvist, M.D., Ph.D., Professor, Department of Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders, National Institute of Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki university Central Hospital, PO Box 9, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino, M.D., Dr.Med.Sci., B.Sc., Professor of Adolecent Psychiatry, Medical School, 33014 University of Tampere, Finland, and Director, Department of adolecent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, PO Box 2000, 33531 Tampere, Finland

The reasons for using restraint and seclusion in psychiatric inpatient care: A nationwide 15-year study

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