Emergency Contraception under Attack in Latin America: Response of the Medical Establishment and Civil Society

References

• AA Haspels. The “morning after pill” - a preliminary report. IPPF Medical Bulletin. 3(3): 1969; 6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AA Haspels. Interception: post-coital estrogens in 3,016 women. Contraception. 14(4): 1976; 375–381.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JM Morris, G Van Wagenen. Compounds interfering with ovum implantation and development: 3. The role of estrogens. American Journal Obstetrics & Gynecology. 96(6): 1966; 804–815.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AA Yuzpe, HJ Thurlow, I Ramzy. Post coital contraception: a pilot study. Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 13(2): 1974; 53–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AA Yuzpe, WJ Lancee. Ethinylestradiol and dl-norgestrel as a postcoital contraceptive. Fertility and Sterility. 28(9): 1977; 932–936.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AA Yuzpe, RP Smith, AW Rademaker. A multicenter clinical investigation employing ethinyl estradiol combined with dl-norgestrel as a postcoital contraceptive agent. Fertility and Sterility. 37(4): 1982; 508–513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E Kesseru, A Larrañaga, J Parada. Postcoital contraception with dl-norgestrel. Contraception. 7: 1973; 367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PC Ho, MSW Kwan. A prospective randomized comparison of levonorgestrel with the Yuzpe regimen in post-coital contaception. Human Reproduction. 8: 1993; 389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Consensus Statement on Emergency Contraception. Contraception. 52: 1995; 211–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L Galvão, J Díaz, M Diaz. Emergency contraception: knowledge, attitudes and practices among Brazilian obstetricians and gynecologists. International Family Planning Perspectives. 25: 1999; 168.
   Google Scholar
• A Langer, C Garcia-Barrios, R Schiavon. Emergency contraception in Mexico City: what do health care providers and potential users know and think about it?. Contraception. 60(4): 1999; 233–241.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization Task Force on Post-Ovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. Randomized controlled trial of levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception. Lancet. 352: 1998; 428.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D Hapangama, AF Glasier, DT Baird. The effects of pre-ovulatory administration of levonorgestrel on the menstrual cycle. Contraception. 63: 2001; 123–129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M Durand, MC Cravioto, EG Raymond. On the mechanism of action of short-term levonorgestrel administration in emergency contraception. Contraception. 64: 2001; 227–234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L Marions, K Hultenby, I Lindell. Emergency contraception with mifepristone and levonorgestrel: mechanism of action. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 100(1): 2002; 65–71.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L Marions, SZ Cekan, M Bygdeman. Effect of emergency contraception with levonorgestrel or mifepristone on ovarian function. Contraception. 69: 2004; 373–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HB Croxatto, V Brache, M Pavez. Pituitary–ovarian function following the standard levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive dose or a single 0.75 mg dose given on the days preceding ovulation. Contraception. 70: 2004; 442–450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N Novikova, E Weisberg, FZ Stanczyk. Effectiveness of levonorgestrel emergency contraception given before or after ovulation: a pilot study. Contraception. 75: 2007; 112–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M Durand, M Seppala, MC del Cravioto. Late follicular phase administration of levonorgestrel as an emergency contraceptive changes the secretory pattern of glycodelin in serum and endometrium during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Contraception. 71: 2005; 451–457.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AL Muller, CM Llados, HC Croxatto. Postcoital treatment with levonorgestrel does not disrupt post-fertilisation events in the rat. Contraception. 67: 2003; 415–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ME Ortiz, RE Ortiz, MA Fuentes. Postcoital administration of levonorgestrel does not interfere with post-fertilization events in the new-world monkey Cebus apella. Human Reproduction. 19: 2004; 1352–1356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H von Hertzen, G Piaggio, J Ding. Low dose mifepristone and two regimes of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomized trial. Lancet. 360: 2002; 1803–1810.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H Hamoda, PW Ashok, C Stalder. A randomized trial of mifepristone (10 mg) and levonorgestrel for emergency contraception. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 104: 2004; 1307–1313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sw Ngai, S Fan, S Li. A randomized trial to compare 24 h versus 12 h double dose regimen of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception. Human Reproduction. 20: 2005; 307–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emergency pill for Chilean girls. BBC News. 30 January. 2007. At: <http://news.bbc.co.uk. >.
   Google Scholar
• H Boonstra. Emergency Contraception: Steps Being Taken to Improve Access. Guttmacher Report on Public Policy. December. 2002; AGI: Washington DC.
   Google Scholar
• La píldora del día después no es abortiva. ABC Color Digital. Asunción, Paraguay. 1 September 2005.
   Google Scholar
• A Martin. Emergency contraception in Latin America and the Caribbean. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública. 16: 2004; 424–431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J Johnsen. Obstructing access to emergency contraception in Hospital Emergency Rooms. Planned Parenthood Federation of America. 2005. Available at: <www.plannedparenthood.org/news-articles-press/politics-policy-issues/birth-control-access-prevention/emergency-contraception-6549.htm. >.
   Google Scholar
• A Glasier, K Fairhurst, S Wyke. Advanced provision of emergency contraception does not reduce abortion rates. Contraception. 69: 2004; 361–366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar