Identifying damaged areas inside a masonry monument using a combined interpretation of resistivity and ground-penetrating radar data

References

• Cardarelli E. Fischanger F. Piro S. 2008 Integrated geophysical survey to detect buried structures for archaeological prospecting. A case-history at Sabine Necropolis (Rome, Italy): Near Surface Geophysics 6 15 20
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conyers, L. B., and Goodman, D., 1997, Ground-penetrating radar: an introduction for archaeologists: Alta Mira Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cunin, O., 2007, The Bayon: an archaeological and architectural study, in J. Clark, ed., Bayon, new perspectives: River Books (Bangkok), 136–229.
   Google Scholar
• Dabas M. Camerlynck C. Camps P. F. 2000 Simultaneous use of electrostatic quadrupole and GPR in urban context: investigation of the basement of the Cathedral of Girona (Catalunya, Spain): Geophysics 65 526 532 10.1190/1.1444747
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Qady G. Nishimura Y. Kinjyo K. Ushijima K. 2005 Integrated archaeological exploration using geophysical methods at Futenma area, Okinawa prefecture, Japan: Butsuri Tansa 58 491 502 10.3124/segj.58.491
   Google Scholar
• Hosono T. Uchida E. Suda C. Ueno A. Nakagawa T. 2006 Salt weathering of sandstone at the Angkor monuments, Cambodia: identification of the origins of salts using sulfur and strontium isotopes: Journal of Archaeological Science 33 1541 1551 10.1016/j.jas.2006.01.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ismail A. Anderson N. L. Rogers D. 2005 Hydrogeophysical investigation at Luxor, Southern Egypt: Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics 10 35 50 10.2113/JEEG10.1.35
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwasaki, Y., and Fukuda, M., 2005, Outline of building structure, geo-technological investigation and theme for conservation and restoration (introduction, chapter 2.5), in T. Nakagawa, ed., The master plan for the conservation and restoration of the Bayon Complex: Japanese Government Team for Safeguarding Angkor, 36–45.
   Google Scholar
• Leucci G. Cataldo R. Nunzio G. D. 2007 Assessment of fractures in some columns inside the crypt of the Cattedrale di Otranto using integrated geophysical methods: Journal of Archaeological Science 34 222 232 10.1016/j.jas.2006.04.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X. Arai H. Shimoda I. Kuraishi H. Katayama Y. 2008 Enumeration of sulphur-oxidizing microorganisms on deteriorating stone of the Angkor Monuments, Cambodia: Microbes and Environments 23 293 298 10.1264/jsme2.ME08521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maeda T. Sugiura Y. Hirai T. 2008 FEM modeling of the towers in Bayon temple in Cambodia based on micro-tremor measurements: Advances in Engineering Software 39 346 355 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2007.01.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchal H. 1937 Sondages au Bayon: Bulletin de l’Ecole Francaise d’Extreme-Orient 37 637 651
   Google Scholar
• Nakagawa T. 2002 The preservation of the Bayon and the Prasat Suor Prat Towers: Museum International 54 98 103 10.1111/1468-0033.00372
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa, T., 2005, Characteristics of the Bayon Temple (main discourse, chapter 1.1), in T. Nakagawa, ed., The master plan for the conservation and restoration of the Bayon Complex: Japanese Government Team for Safeguarding Angkor, 117–121.
   Google Scholar
• Nakagawa, T., and Akazawa, Y., 2005, Overview of the restoration plan (main discourse, chapter 2.2), in T. Nakagawa, ed., The master plan for the conservation and restoration of the Bayon Complex: Japanese Government Team for Safeguarding Angkor, 201–205.
   Google Scholar
• Negri S. Leucci G. 2006 Geophysical investigation of the Temple of Apollo (Hierapolis, Turkey): Journal of Archaeological Science 33 1505 1513 10.1016/j.jas.2006.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sambuelli L. Socco L. V. Brecciaroli L. 1999 Acquisition and processing of electric, magnetic and GPR data on a Roman site (Victimulae, Salussola, Biella): Journal of Applied Geophysics 41 189 204 10.1016/S0926-9851(98)00042-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sass O. Viles H. A. 2010 Wetting and drying of masonry walls: 2D-resistivity monitoring of driving rain experiments on historic stonework in Oxford, UK: Journal of Applied Geophysics 70 72 83 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2009.11.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaaban F. F. Shaaban F. A. 2001 Use of two-dimensional electric resistivity and ground penetrating radar for archaeological prospecting at the ancient capital of Egypt: African Earth Science 33 661 671
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimoda, I., 2005a, Destruction and degradation phenomenon in the Bayon Temple (introduction, chapter 3), in T. Nakagawa, ed., The master plan for the conservation and restoration of the Bayon Complex: Japanese Government Team for Safeguarding Angkor, 93–111.
   Google Scholar
• Shimoda, I., 2005b, Proposal of organizational structure for supporting the preservation activities (main discourse, chapter 3.4), in T. Nakagawa, ed., The master plan for the conservation and restoration of the Bayon Complex: Japanese Government Team for Safeguarding Angkor, 258–269.
   Google Scholar
• Shimoda I. 2009 Review on the construction process of the inner and outer gallery of the Bayon Temple: through the results of the excavation survey in 1999 and 2007: Journal of Southeast Asian Archaeology 29 1 11
   Google Scholar
• Siedel H. Pfefferkorn S. von Plehwe-Leisen E. Leisen H. 2009 Sandstone weathering in tropical climate: results of low-destructive investigations at the temple of Angkor Wat, Cambodia: Engineering Geology 115 182 192 10.1016/j.enggeo.2009.07.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• So, S., Nakagawa, T., and Nishimoto, S., 2006, Drainage layout of Khmer temples in the Angkor Complex: Architectural Institute of Japan, 605, 207–213.
   Google Scholar
• Sonnemann, T. F., 2011, Angkor underground: applying GPR to analyse the diachronic structure of a great urban complex: Ph.D. thesis, University of Sydney.
   Google Scholar
• Tsokas G. N. Tsourlos P. I. Vargemezis G. Novack M. 2008 Non-destructive electrical resistivity tomography for indoor investigation: the case of Kapnikarea Church in Athens: Archaeological Prospection 15 47 61 10.1002/arp.321
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uchida, E., and Suda, C., 2004, Investigation of fissures in stone blocks and reinforcement in restored materials with a ground-penetrating radar: Annual Report on the Technical Survey of Angkor Monument 2004, Japanese Government Team for Safeguarding Angkor, 43–57.
   Google Scholar
• Uchida E. Ogawa Y. Nakagawa T. 1998 The stone materials of the Angkor monuments, Cambodia: the magnetic susceptibility and the orientation of bedding plane of the sandstone: Journal of Mineralogy, Petrology, and Economic Geology 93 411 426 10.2465/ganko.93.411
   Google Scholar
• Uchida E. Maeda N. Nakagawa T. 1999 The laterites of the Angkor monuments, Cambodia: the grouping of the monuments on the basis of the laterites: Journal of Mineralogy, Petrology, and Economic Geology 94 162 175 10.2465/ganko.94.162
   Google Scholar
• Uchida E. Ogawa Y. Maeda N. Nakagawa T. 2000 Deterioration of stone materials in the Angkor monuments, Cambodia: Engineering Geology 55 101 112 10.1016/S0013-7952(99)00110-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uchida E. Cunin O. Shimoda I. Suda C. Nakagawa T. 2003 The construction process of the Angkor monuments elucidated by the magnetic susceptibility of sandstone: Archaeometry 45 221 232 10.1111/1475-4754.00105
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar