125
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Helicopter EM (ZTEM–VTEM) survey results over the Nuqrah copper–lead–zinc–gold SEDEX massive sulphide deposit in the Western Arabian Shield, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

, , , &
Pages 36-48 | Received 14 Mar 2014, Accepted 21 Aug 2014, Published online: 06 Dec 2018

References

  • de Lugao P. P. Wannamaker P. E. 1996 Calculating the two-dimensional magnetotelluric Jacobian in finite elements using reciprocity: Geophysical Journal International 127 806 810 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1996.tb04060.x
  • Delfour, J., 1977, Geology of the Nuqrah quadrangle, 25 E, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Saudi Arabian Directorate General of Mineral Resources, Geoscience map, GM-28, scale 1 : 250,000, with text, 32 pp, 2 figs.
  • Ford, K., Keating, P., and Thomas, M. D., 2007, Mineral deposits of Canada – overview of geophysical signatures associated with Canadian ore deposits, in Mineral resources of Canada: a synthesis of major deposit-types, district metallogeny, the evolution of geological provinces, and exploration methods: Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) and the Mineral Deposits Division (MDD) of the Geological Association of Canada, 939–969.
  • Gilmore, K., 2010, New technology and new discoveries in the prolific Flin Flon Greenstone Belt: Hudbay’s perspective: presented at PDAC Prospectors and Developers Convention, Geophysics Session, Toronto, Canada.
  • Holtham, E., and Oldenburg, D. W., 2008, Three-dimensional forward modelling and inversion of Z-TEM data: 78th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 564–568.
  • Izarra, C., Legault, J. M., and Latrous, A., 2011, ZTEM airborne tipper AFMAG results over the Copaquire Porphyry, northern Chile: 81st Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1257–1261.
  • Kaminski, V., and Oldenburg, D., 2012, The geophysical study of Drybones kimberlite using 3D time domain EM inversion and 3D ZTEM inversion algorithms: 22nd ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Kaminski, V., Legault, J. M., and Kumar, H., 2010, The Drybones kimberlite: a cast study of VTEM and ZTEM airborne EM results: 21st ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–5.
  • Kowalczyk, P. L., and van Kooten, P. B. M., 2012, ZTEM data inversion and interpretation using the UBC-GIF MTinv3D code: a case history at the Silver Queen project, British Columbia: 22nd ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Labson V. F. Becker A. Morrison H. F. Conti U. 1985 Geophysical exploration with audio-frequency natural magnetic fields: Geophysics 50 656 664 10.1190/1.1441940
  • Legault, J. M., 2012, Ten years of passive airborne AFMAG EM development for mineral exploration: 82nd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1–5.
  • Legault, J. M., Kumar, H., Milicevic, B., and Hulbert, L., 2009a, ZTEM airborne tipper AFMAG test survey over a magmatic copper-nickel target at Axis Lake in northern Saskatchewan: 79th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1272–1276.
  • Legault, J. M., Kumar, H., Milicevic, B., and Wannamaker, P. E., 2009b, ZTEM tipper AFMAG and 2D inversion results over an unconformity uranium target in northern Saskatchewan: 79th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1277–1281.
  • Legault, J. M., Fisk, K., and Fontura, C., 2010, Case study of ZTEM airborne tipper AFMAG results over a magmatic nickel deposit at Forrestania, West Australia: 4th Symposium of SBGf Brazilian Geophysical Society, Expanded Abstracts, 1–8.
  • Legault, J. M., Orta, M., and Zhao, S., 2011, ZTEM and VTEM airborne EM survey results over PGM-Cu-Ni targets at East Bull Lake anorthositic complex, Massey, Ontario: 81st Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 629–634.
  • Legault, J. M., Prikhodko, A., Dodds, D. J., Macnae, J. C., and Oldenborger, G. A., 2012a, Results of recent VTEM helicopter system development testing over the Spiritwood Valley Aquifer, Manitoba: Symposium on Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP), Expanded Abstracts, 1–17.
  • Legault, J. M., Wilson, G., Gribenko, A., Zhdanov, M. S., Zhao, S., and Fisk, K., 2012b, An overview of the ZTEM and AirMt systems – a case study from the Nebo-Babel Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, West Musgrave, Western Australia, in R. J. L. Lane, ed., Natural Fields EM Forum 2012: abstracts from the Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists Natural Fields EM Forum 2012: Geoscience Australia, Geoscience Australia Record 2012/04, 101–121.
  • Legault J. M. Wilson G. Gribenko A. Zhdanov M. S. Zhao S. Fisk K. 2012 c An overview of the ZTEM and AirMt airborne electromagnetic systems – a case study from the Nebo-Babel Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, West Musgrave, Western Australia: Preview 158 26 32
  • Legault, J. M., Zhao, S., and Fitch, R., 2012d, ZTEM airborne AFMAG survey results over low sulphidation epithermal gold-silver vein systems at Gold Springs, south eastern Nevada: 22nd ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Legault, J. M., Izarra, C., Zhao, S., and Saadawi, E. M., 2013a, Helicopter AFMAG (ZTEM) survey results over the Ad Duwayhi intrusion related gold deposit (IRGD) in the Western Arabian Shield, KSA: 23rd ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Legault, J. M., Prikhodko, A., Izarra, C., Zhao, S., and Saadawi, E. M., 2013b, Helicopter EM (ZTEM-VTEM) survey results over the Nuqrah Cu-Pb-Zn-Au SEDEX massive sulphide deposit in the Western Arabian Shield: 23rd ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Lo, B., and Zang, M., 2008, Numerical modeling of Z-TEM (airborne AFMAG) responses to guide exploration strategies: 78th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 27, 1098–1101.
  • Lo, B., Legault, J. M., Kuzmin, P., and Combrinck, M., 2009a, Z-TEM (airborne AFMAG) tests over unconformity uranium deposits: 20th ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Lo, B., Legault, J. M., Kuzmin, P., and Fisk, K., 2009b, Advances in airborne EM: introducing ZTEM: 11th Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition, South African Geophysical Association, Expanded Abstracts, 101–104.
  • Ma’aden, 2011, Ma’aden Saudi Arabian Mining Company: Annual Report, 123 pp.
  • Meju M. A. 1998 Short note: a simple method of transient electromagnetic data analysis: Geophysics 63 405 410 10.1190/1.1444340
  • Nehlig, P., Salpeteur, I., Asfirane, F., Bouchot, V., Eberlé, J. M., Genna, A., Kluyverm, H. M., Lasserre, J. L., Nicol, N., Recoche, G., Shanti, M., Thiéblemont, D., and Tourliere, B., 1999, The mineral potential of the Arabian Shield: a reassessment: presented at the IUGS/UNESCO meeting on ‘Base and Precious Metals Deposits in the Arabian Shield’, 71 pp.
  • Orta, M., Legault, J. M., Zhao, S., Izarra, C., Eadie, T., and Galeschuk, C., 2012, ZTEM and VTEM airborne EM survey results over the Mayville Cu-Ni-PGM intrusive systems, southeastern Manitoba: 82nd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1–5.
  • Orta, M., Legault, J. M., Prikhodko, A., Plastow, G., Zhao, S., and Ulansky, C., 2013, Passive and active helicopter EM survey comparisons over 501 Project Cu-Zn volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit at McFauld’s Lake, northern Ontario: 83rd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1633–1638.
  • Paré, P., and Legault, J. M., 2010, Ground IP-resistivity and airborne SPECTREM and helicopter ZTEM survey results over Pebble copper-moly-gold porphyry deposit, Alaska: 80th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 29, 1734–1738.
  • Paré P. Gribenko A. V. Cox L. H. Cuma M. Wilson G. A. Zhdanov M. S. Legault J. M. Smit J. Polomé L. 2012 3D inversion of SPECTREM and ZTEM airborne electromagnetic data from the Pebble Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit, Alaska: Exploration Geophysics 43 104 115
  • Prikhodko, A., Morrison, E., Bagrianski, A., Kuzmin, P., Tishin, P., and Legault, J. M., 2010, Evolution of VTEM – technical solutions for effective penetration: 21st ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–5.
  • Prikhodko, A., Legault, J. M., Kwan, K., Eadie, T., Oldenborger, G. A., Sapia, V., Viezzoli, A., Gloaguen, E., Smith, B. D., and Best, M. E., 2013, Recent AEM case study examples using a full waveform time-domain system for near-surface applications: Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Expanded Abstracts, 10 pp.
  • Roberts, R. J., Greenwood, W. R., Worl, R. G., Dodge, F. C. W., and Killsgaard, T. H., 1975. Mineral deposits in western Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey, open-file report 75–654, 64 pp.
  • Routhier, P., and Delfour, J., 1975, Gitology of massive sulfide deposits associated with acid volcanism and its application to the search for such deposits in the Precambrian of Saudi Arabia: French Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, open-file report 75–10, 201 pp.
  • Sattel, D., Thomas, S., and Becken, M., 2010a, An analysis of ZTEM data over the Mt Milligan porphyry copper deposit, British Columbia: 80th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 29, 1729–1733.
  • Sattel, D., Witherly, K., and Becken, M., 2010b, A brief analysis of ZTEM data from the Forrestania test site, WA: 21st ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Smith R. S. Annan A. P. 2000 Using an induction coil sensor to indirectly measure the B-field response in the bandwidth of the transient electromagnetic method: Geophysics 65 1489 1494 10.1190/1.1444837
  • Tarantola, A., 1987, Inverse problem theory: Elsevier.
  • Wannamaker P. E. Stodt J. A. Rijo L. 1987 A stable finite element solution for two dimensional magnetotelluric modeling: Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 88 277 296 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1987.tb01380.x
  • Ward S. H. 1959 AFMAG - airborne and ground: Geophysics 24 761 787 10.1190/1.1438657
  • Witherly, K., 2009, The search for uranium deposits using airborne EM in the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, Canada: experience of the last five years: Beijing 2009 International Geophysical Conference and Exposition, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Witherly, K., 2011, ZTEM: a new paradigm in airborne EM: presented at PDAC Prospectors and Developers Convention, CAMESE Exhibitor Innovation Forum, Toronto, Canada.
  • Witherly, K., and Irvine, R., 2006, The VTEM airborne electromagnetic system – benchmarking continuous improvement via repeat surveys over time: 76th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1273–1277.
  • Witherly, K., and Sattel, D., 2012, The application of ZTEM to porphyry copper-gold exploration: 22nd ASEG Geophysical Conference and Exhibition, Extended Abstracts, 1–4.
  • Witherly, K., Irvine, R., and Morrison, E. B., 2004, The Geotech VTEM time domain helicopter EM system: 74th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1217–1221.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.