References
- Linnet- E, Prijot E. Cervical sympathetic ganglionectomy and aqueous flow. A MA Arch OphthalmoL 1955;54:831–833.
- Sears ML, Bárány EH. Outflow resistance and adrenergic mechanisms: Effect of sympathectomy, N-(2-chloroethyl) dibenzylamine hydrochloride (dibenamine), and dichloro-isoproterenol on the outflow resistance of the rabbit eye. Arch OphthalmoL 1960;64:839–848.
- Treister G, Bárány EH. Mydriasis and intraocular pressure decrease in the conscious rabbit after unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy. Invest OphthalmoL 1970;9: 331–342.
- Langham ME, Taylor CB. The influence of superior cervi-cal ganglionectomy on intraocular dynamics. J PhysioL 1960;152:447–458.
- Bárány EH. Transient increase in outflow facility after superior cervical ganglionectomy in rabbits. Arch Ophthal-moL 1962;67:303–311.
- Sears ML, Sherk TE. The trabecular effect of noradrenalin in the rabbit eye. Invest OphthalmoL 1964;3:157–163.
- Sears M, Mizuno K, Cintron C, Alter A, Sherk T. Changes in outflow facility and content of norepinephrine in iris and ciliary processes of albino rabbits after cervical gan-glionectomy. Invest OphthalmoL 1966;5:312–318.
- Paterson CA. The effect of sympathetic nerve stimulation on the aqueous humor dynamics of the cocaine pretreated rabbit. Exp Eye Res. 1966;5:37–44.
- Holland MG, Mims JL, III. Anterior segment chemical sympathectomy by 6-hydroxy-dopamine. Invest Ophthal-moL 1971;10: 120–143.
- Gabelt BT, Robinson JC, Gange SJ, Kaufman PL. Superior cervical ganglionectomy in monkeys: Aqueous humor dynamics and their responses to drugs. Exp Eye Res. 1995;60:575–584.
- Langham ME, Taylor CB. The influence of pre- and post-ganglionic section of the cervical sympathetic on the intraocular pressure of rabbits and cats. J PhysioL 1960;152:437–446.
- Lieb WA, Guerry D, III, Ellis LI, Jr. Effects of superior cervical ganglionectomy on aqueous humor dynamics. A MA Arch OphthalmoL 1958;60:31–35.
- Langham ME, Rosenthal AR. Role of cervical sympathetic nerve in regulating intraocular pressure and circulation. Am J PhysioL 1966;210:786–794.
- Wang Y-L, Zhan G, Camras CB, Yablonski ME, Toris CB. Effects of phentolamine on aqueous humor dynamics after topical application to rabbit eyes (Abstract). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992;33:1412.
- Zhan G-L, Toris CB, Camras CB, Wang Y-L, Yablonski ME. Bunazosin reduces intraocular pressure in rabbits by increasing uveoscleral outflow. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 1998;14:217–228.
- Oshika T, Araie M, Sugiyama T, Nakajima M, Azuma I. Effect of bunazosin hydrochloride on intraocular pressure and aqueous humor dynamics in normotensive human eyes. Arch OphthalmoL 1991;109:1569–1574.
- Toris CB, Gleason ML, Camras CB, Yablonski ME. Effects of brimonidine on aqueous humor dynamics in human eyes. Arch OphthalmoL 1995;113:1514–1517.
- Toris CB, Camras CB, Yablonski ME. Acute versus chronic effects of brimonidine on aqueous humor dynamics in ocular hypertensive patients. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999; 128:8–14.
- Wang R-F, Lee P-Y, Taniguchi T, Becker B, Podos SM, Serle JB, Mittag TW. Effect of oxymetazoline on aqueous humor dynamics and ocular blood flow in monkeys and rabbits. Arch Ophthalmol. 1993;111:535–538.
- Townsend DJ, Brubaker RE Immediate effect of epineph-rine on aqueous formation in the normal human eye as measured by fluorophotometry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1980;19:256–266.
- Bill A. Early effects of epinephrine on aqueous humor dynamics in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus ethiops). Exp Eye Res. 1969;8:35–43.
- Schenker HI, Yablonski ME, Podos SM, Linder L. Fluo-rophotometric study of epinephrine and timolol in human subjects. Arch Ophthalmol. 1981;99:1212–1216.
- Wang Y-L, Toris CB, Zhan G, Yablonski ME. Effects of topical epinephrine on aqueous humor dynamics in the cat. Exp Eye Res. 1999;68:439–445.
- Wang Y-L, Hayashi M, Yablonski ME, Toris CB. Effects of multiple dosing of epinephrine on aqueous humor dynam-ics in human eyes. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2002;18:53–63.
- Bill A. Blood circulation and fluid dynamics in the eye. Physiol Rev. 1975;55:383–417.
- Michelson G, Groh M, Griindler A. Regulation of ocular blood flow during increases of arterial blood pressure. Br J Ophthalmol. 1994;78:461–465.
- Kiel JW, Van Heuven WAJ. Ocular perfusion pressure and choroidal blood flow in the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36:579–585.
- Koskinen L-0, Bill A. Regional cerebral, ocular and periph-eral vascular effects of naloxone and morphine in unanaes-thetized rabbits. Acta Physiol Scand. 1983;119:235–241.
- Thompson HS, Mensher JH. Adrenergic mydriasis in Homer's syndrome: Hydroxyamphetamine test for diag-nosis of postganglionic defects. Am J Ophthalmol. 1971;72:472–480.
- Bill A. Conventional and uveo-scleral drainage of aqueous humour in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca irus) at normal and high intraocular pressures. Exp Eye Res. 1966;5:45–54.
- Suguro K, Toris CB, Pederson JE. Uveoscleral outflow fol-lowing cyclodialysis in the monkey eye using a fluorescein tracer. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985;26:810–813.
- Friedenwald JS. Tonometer calibration. An attempt to remove discrepancies found in the 1954 calibration scale for Schiotz tonometers. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1957;61: 108–123.
- Jones RF, Maurice DM. New methods of measuring the rate of aqueous flow in man with fluorescein. Exp Eye Res. 1966;5:208–220.
- Yablonski ME, Hayashi M, Cook DJ. Fluorophotometric study of intravenous carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in rabbits. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1987;28:2076–2082.
- Glenny RW, Bernard S, Brinkley M. Validation of fluorescent-labeled microspheres for measurement of regional organ perfusion. J Appl PhysioL 1993;74:2585–2597.
- Zhan G-L, Toris CB, Camras CB, Wang Y-L, Bito LZ. Prostaglandin-induced iris color darkening: An experimen-tal model. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:1065–1068.
- Rosser MJ, Sears ML. Further studies on the mechanism of the increased outflow of aqueous humor from the eyes of rabbits twenty-four hours after cervical sympathetic ganglionectomy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1968;164:280–289.
- Osborne NN. Neuromediators and their receptors (adrener-gic and endothelin types) in the eye. Therapie. 1993;48: 549–558.
- Laties AM, Jacobowitz D. A comparative study of the auto-nomic innervation of the eye in monkey, cat, and rabbit. Anat Rec. 1966;156:383–396.
- Sears ML, Gillis CN. Mydriasis and the increase in outflow of aqueous humor from the rabbit eye after cervical ganglionectomy in relation to the release of norepineph-rine from the iris. Biochem Pharmacol. 1967;16:777–782.
- Liu JIIK. Aqueous humor messengers in the transient decrease of intraocular pressure after ganglionectomy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992;33:3181–3185.
- Yoshitomi T, Horio B, Gregory DS. Changes in aqueous norepinephrine and cyclic adenosine monophosphate during the circadian cycle in rabbits. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991;32:1609–1613.
- Zhan G-L, Ohia SE, Camras CB, Ohia EO, Wang YL. Superior cervical ganglionectomy-induced lowering of intraocular pressure in rabbits: Role of prostaglandins and neuropeptide Y. Gen Pharmacol. 1999;32:189–194.
- Toris CB, Camras CB, Yablonski ME, Brubaker RE Effects of exogenous prostaglandins on aqueous humor dynamics and blood-aqueous barrier function. Surv Ophthalmol. 1997;41:569–575.
- Weinreb RN, Toris CB, Gabelt BT, Lindsey JD, Kaufman PL. Effects of prostaglandins on the aqueous humor outflow pathways. Surv Ophthalmol. 2002;47: S53–S 64 .
- Hubbard WC, Robinson JC, Schmidt K, Rohen JW, Tamm ER, Kaufman PL. Superior cervical ganglionectomy in monkeys: Effects on refraction and intraocular pressure. Exp Eye Res. 1999;68:637–639.
- Tamm ER, Rohen JW, Schmidt K, Robinson JC, Wallow IHL, Kaufman PL. Superior cervical ganglionectomy in monkeys: Light and electron microscopy of the anterior eye segment. Exp Eye Res. 1997;65:31–43.
- Kaufman PL. Aqueous humor outflow. Curr Top Eye Res. 1984;4:97–138.
- Wentworth WO, Brubaker RE Aqueous humor dynamics in a series of patients with third neuron Homer's syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 1981;92:407–415.
- Brubaker RE Flow of aqueous humor in humans. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1991;32:3145–3166.
- Okubo H, Gherezghiher T, Koss MC. Long posterior ciliary arterial blood flow and systemic blood pressure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990;31:819–826.
- Kiel JW. Choroidal myogenic autoregulation and intraocu-lar pressure. Exp Eye Res. 1994;58:529–543.
- Ménage MJ, Robinson JC, Kaufman PL, Sponsel WE. Retinal blood flow after superior cervical ganglionectomy: A laser Doppler study in the cynomolgus monkey. Br J Ophthalmol. 1994;78:49–53.
- Koss MC. Adrenoceptor mechanisms in epinephrine-induced anterior choroidal vasoconstriction in cats. Exp Eye Res. 1994;59:715–722.
- Kiel JW, Shepherd AP. Autoregulation of choroidal blood flow in the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992;33: 2399–2410.