22
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Ophthalmic health care in diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study in northern Sweden

, &
Pages 267-278 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • US Department of Health and HumanServices. Blindness caused by diabetes — Massachusetts, 1987–1994. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1996;45;937–41.
  • The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment on development and progression of long term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977–86.
  • Reichard P, Nilsson B-Y, Rosenqvist U. The effect of long-term intensified insulin treatment on the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329;304–9.
  • U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Lancet 1998;352: 837–53.
  • Javitt JC, Lloyd PA. Cost-effectiveness of detecting and treating diabetic retinopathy. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:164–9.
  • Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmology 1981;88:583-60o.
  • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagula-tion for diabetic macular edema. Arch Ophthalmol 1985;103:1796-18o6.
  • Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Group. Early vitrectomy for severe vitreous haemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy: two-year results of randomised trial. Arch Ophthalmol 1985;103:1644–52.
  • Klein BEK, Klein R, Moss SE. Prevalence of cataracts in a population-based study of persons with diabetes mellitus. Ophthalmology 1985;92:1191–6.
  • Klein BEK, Klein R, Wang Q, Moss SE. Older onset diabetes and lens opacities. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalm Epidemiol 1995;2:49–55.
  • Bäcklund L, Algvere P, Rosenqvist U. New blindness in diabetes reduced by more than one-third in Stockholm County. Diabet Med 1997;14:732–40.
  • Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL. The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy II. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years. Arch Ophthalmol 1984;102: 520–6.
  • Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL. The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy III. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years. Arch Ophthalmol 1984;102: 527–32.
  • Jerneld B, Algvere P. The prevalence of retinopathy in insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetes. A fluorescein-angiographic study. Acta Ophthalmol 1984;62:617–30.
  • Jerneld B, Algvere P. Prevalence of retinopathy in diabetics treated with oral antihyperglycaemic agents. Acta Ophthalmol 1985;63:535–40.
  • Henricsson M, Nilsson A, Groop L, Heijl A, Janzon L. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in relation to age at onset of the diabetes, treatment, duration and glycemic control. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1996;74:523–7.
  • WHO Study Group. Diabetes Mellitus. World Health Organization Technical Report Series No 727. Geneva: WHO, 1985.
  • Medicinska forskningsradet, Sjukvärdens planerings och rationaliseringsinstitut. Konsensusdo-kument: Synhotande näthinneförän-dringar vid diabetes. Läkartidningen 1991;88:4475–8.
  • Granstrom KO. Demonstration av nya synprövningstavlor enligt Monoyer. Nord Med 1940;5:262.
  • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Report No 10. Grading diabetic retinopathy from stereoscopic color fundus photographs - an extension of the modified Airlie House classification. Ophthalmology 1991;98:786–806.
  • American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1994;17:616–23.
  • Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BEK. Factors associated with having eye examinations in persons with diabetes. Arch Fam Med 1995;4:529–34.
  • Stegmayr B, Asplund K. Diabetes as a risk factor for stroke. A population perspective. Diabetologia 1995;38:
  • Midthjell K, Björndal A, Holmen J, Kruger O, Bjartveit K. Prevalence of known and previously unknown diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in an adult Norwegian population. Indications of an increasing diabetes prevalence. The Nord-Tröndelag diabetes study. Scand J Prim Health Care 1995;13:229–35.
  • Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, DeMets DL, Kaufmann I, Voss PS. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in southern Wisconsin. Am J Epidemiol 1984;119:54–61.
  • National Board of Health Welfare, drug information committee. Treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Information frail Socialstyrelsens Läkemedelsavdeln-ing 1990;15:3–19.
  • Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE. Visual impairment in diabetes. Ophthalmolo-gy 1984;91:1–9.
  • Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BEK. Ten-year incidence of visual loss in a diabetic population. Ophthalmology 1994;101:1061–70.
  • Sjolie A-K, Green A. Blindness in insulin-treated diabetic patients with age at onset 1987;40: 215–20.
  • Hansson-Lundblad C, Agardh E, Agardh CD. Retinal examination intervals in diabetic patients on diet treatment only. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1997;75:244–8.
  • Henricsson M, Groop L, Heijl A. Progression of retinopathy is related to glycaemic control even in patients with mild diabetes mellitus. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1996;74:528–32.
  • U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Complications in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patients and their associations with different clinical and biochemical risk factors. Diabetes Res 1990;13: 1–11.
  • Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL. The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy IV. Diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 1984;91: 1464–74.
  • Henricsson M, Nilsson A, Janzon L, Groop L. Mortality in diabetic patients participating in an ophthalmological control and screening program. Diabet Med 1997; 14:576–83.
  • Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Davis MD, DeMets DL. The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy VI. Retinal photocoagula-tion. Ophthalmology 1987;95:747–53.
  • Wilson JMG, Jungner G. Principles and practice of screening for disease. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1968.
  • Official Statistics of Sweden. Population Statistics 1995; part 3. Orebro: SCB-Tryck, 1996: 146–9.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.