References
- Alyeska Pipeline Service Co. v. Wilderness Society, 421 U.S. 240 (1975).
- Armental, M., 2018. Former PCAOB Inspections Leader, KPMG Executives Pleads Guilty. Dow Jones Institutional News. [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Bloomberg Editorial, 2018. Maybe the Big Four Auditing Firms Do Need to Be Broken Up. Bloomberg. Available from: https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-06-18/maybe-the-big-four-auditing-firms-do-need-breaking-up [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Carillion Report, 2018. House of Commons _ Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy & Work and Pensions Committees, Carillion: Second Joint Report form the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and Work and Pension Committees of Session 2017–19 at p. 79. Available from: https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm 2017-19/cmselest/cmworpen/769/764.pd/ [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Class Action Reporter, 2018. PricewaterhouseCoopers: Pomerantz Recovery Reaches $3 Billion. Class Action Reporter, March 23, 2018. Available from: http://bankrupt.com/CAR_Public/180216.mbx [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Collinson, P., 2018. Accounting Watchdog Could Ban Auditors from Consultancy Work. The Guardian. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/oct/08/accounting-auditors-consulting-frc-kpmg [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Coffee, J., 2006. Gatekeepers: The Professions and Corporate Governance at pp. 2–3.
- Coffee, J., 2007. Law and the market: the impact of enforcement. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 156, 229.
- Coffee, J., 2011. Ratings reform: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Harvard Business Law Review, 1, 231.
- Coffee, J. and Palia, D., 2016. The wolf at the door: the impact of hedge fund activism on corporate governance. The Journal of Corporation Law, 41, 545.
- Cotteril, J. and Marriage, M., 2017. South Africa Businesses Under Pressure to Cut KPMG Ties. Financial Times. Available from: https://on.ft.com/2CJk5Wp [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- DiLeo v. Ernst & Young, 901 F. 2d 624, 629 (7th Cir. 1990).
- Doherty, R., 2017. KPMG’s South Africa’s Leadership Resigns Over Gupta Scandal. ECONOMIA. September 15, 2017. Available from: https://economia.icaew.com/en/news/september-2017/kpmg-south-africa-leadership-resigns-over-gupta-scandal. [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Equilar, 2016. 2015 CEO Pay Strategies at p. 90.
- Frydman, C. and Jenter, D., 2010. CEO compensation. Annual Review of Financial Economics, 2, 75–102. doi: 10.1146/annurev-financial-120209-133958
- Gryta, T., 2018. G.E. Slashes Dividend, Discloses Criminal Probe; Shares Sink. The Wall Street Journal Online. Available from: https://www.wsj.com/articles/general-electric-slashes-quarterly-dividend-to-1-cent-1540896132 [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- ICAEW Representation 92/18, 2018. Review of the Financial Reporting Council by Sir John Kingman: ICAEW Submission.
- In re Petrobras Sec. Litig., 317 F.Supp. 2d 858 (S.D.N.Y. 2018).
- Jackson, H.E., 2007. Variations in the intensity of financial regulation: preliminary evidence and potential implications. Yale Journal on Regulation, 24, 253–290.
- Jensen, M.C. and Meckling, W.H., 1976. Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs, and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3, 305–360. doi: 10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
- Kapoor, M., 2018. Auditors Oversight: Deloitte Under Investigation in Another U.K. Audit Scandal. BNA Corporate Law & Accountability Report. Available from: https://www.bloomberglaw.com/document/X9ESLF0G000000?bna_news_filter=corporate-law&jcsearch=BNA%25200000016446e5d50da96e6fed39f00000#jcite [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Kingman, John. 2018. Independent Review of the Financial Reporting Council. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/767387/frc-independent-review-final-report.pdf [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Levring, P. and Wienberg, C., 2018. Danske Auditors in Crosshairs for Missing Dirty Money Clues. Accounting Today. Available from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/article/2018-09-26/danske’s -auditors-in-crosshairs-after-missing-dirty-money-clues [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Lisic, L.L., Myers, L.A., Pawlewicz, R. and Seidel, T., 2017. Do Accounting Firm Consulting Revenues Affect Audit Quality? Evidence from the Pre- and Post-SOX Eras. Available from: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2460102 [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Lombardo, C., 2018. Investor Activism Gain Clout as Stocks Tumble. The Wall Street Journal. Available from: https://www.wsj.com/articles/activist-investors-gain-clout-as-stocks-tumble-11545825600 [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Marriage, M., October 2018. KPMG under Fresh Attack in South Africa Over “Great Bank Heist”. Financial Times. Available from: https://www.ft.com/content/c295e612-cd5b-11e8-b276-b9069bde0956 [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Marriage, M., December 2018. Research Points to ‘Dysfunctional’ Big Four Market. Financial Times. Available from: https://www.ft.com/content/461ae3b8-ffcd-11e8-ac00-57a2a826423e [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Masters, B., 2018. Auditing Needs a Fiercer Watchdog, and More. Financial Times. December 19, 2018 at p. 11.
- Mellow, C., 2018. Auditing the Auditors. Global Finance Magazine. Available from: https://www.gfmag.com/magazine/julyaugust-2018/auditing-auditors [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Motau, T., 2018. The Great Bank Heist: Investigator’s Report to the Prudential Authority. Available from: https://www.resbank.co.za/Lists/News%20and%20Publications/Attachments/8830/VBS%20Mutual%20Bank%20-%20The%20Great%20Bank%20Heist.pdf [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Pakaluk, J., 2018. Comparing Non-Audit Service Fees between the EU and the US. Audit Analytics. Available from: https://www.auditanalytics.com/blog/comparing-non-audit-service-fees-between-the-EU-and-US/ [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Plender, J., 2018. Accountancy: Big Four Scandals Highlight a Lack of Social Utility. Financial Times. Available from: https://www.ft.com/content/dd2f4686-9961-11e8-ab77-f854c65a4465 [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Shoaib, A., 2017. KPMG Rocked by South African Corruption Scandal. Accountancy Age. Available from: https://www.accountancyage.com/2017/09/27/kpmg-rocked-south-african-corruption-scandal/ [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Skoulding, L., 2018. Ex-KPMG Auditor Faces Six Charges Over Gupta Wedding Scandal. Accountancy Age. Available from: https://www.accountancyage.com/2018/08/06/ex-kpmg-auditor-faces-six-charges-over-gupta-wedding-scandal/ [Accessed 31 December 2018].
- Yacik, G., 2018. PWC Held Accountable for Bank Failure. American Banker. Available from: https://www.americanbanker.com/morning-scan/pwc-held-accountable-for-bank-failure-fed-gets-friendly [Accessed 31 December 2018].