1,485
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The value of auditing, audit independence, and audit pricing: a review of empirical evidence from China

&

References

  • Bai, Y., Chen, H., and Huang, Z., 2009. The legal environment, audit quality and return on the day of IPO: evidence from Chinese SOEs. Auditing Research, 3, 67–73+90.
  • Cai, C. and Xian, W., 2007. A study of the correlation between auditor industry specialization and audit quality: evidence from the audit market of the listed companies in China. Accounting Research, 6, 41–47+95.
  • Cai, C., Sun, T., and Ye, J., 2011. A study of the effect of China’s local audit firms’ mergers: based on the audit fee premium of “Big 4”. Accounting Research, 1, 83–89+96.
  • Cai, C., Xie, L., and Ma Ke, N., 2015. Managers’ audit background, earnings management and abnormal audit fees. Accounting Research, 3, 72–78+95.
  • Cao, F. and Li, K., 2019. Controlling shareholders’ share pledge and audit opinion shopping by listed companies. Auditing Research, 2, 108–118.
  • Cao, Q. and Ge, X., 2009. Auditor tenure, audit quality and financial restatements. Auditing Research, 6, 59–68.
  • Cao, Q., Hu, N., and Wang, L., 2012. Client importance, risk nature and audit quality: evidence from financial restatement. Auditing Research, 6, 60–70.
  • Chen, C. and Li, R., 2013. Does audit quality matter to credit rating in China corporate bond market. Auditing Research, 3, 59–66+80.
  • Chen, D., Ye, C., and Li, N., 2011. Control rights allocation, agency conflicts and audit demand and supply: empirical evidence form Chinese family listed companies. Auditing Research, 5, 57–64.
  • Chen, J., Yang, X., and Zhang, Z., 2016. Uncertainty, corporate social responsibility and audit fees. Auditing Research, 4, 61–66.
  • Chen, S. and Cao, Y., 2018. Audit opinion shopping: based on executive stock option incentives. Auditing Research, 1, 59–67.
  • Chen, S. and Ma, H., 2013. Auditor industry specialization, reputation, and pass-through effects of economies of scale. Auditing Research, 6, 84–92.
  • Chen, S. and Ma, H., 2015. Competitive pressure, economies of scale, and auditor industry specialization premium. Accounting Research, 5, 87–93+95.
  • Chen, S. and Ma, H., 2018. Anti-corruption and audit pricing. Accounting Research, 6, 12–18.
  • Chen, S. and Tian, Z., 2019. The effect of previous audit risks on audit pricing and its conduction mechanism. Auditing Research, 1, 64–71+128.
  • Chen, X. and Lin, X., 2011. Earnings management, earnings management attributes and audit opinion: evidence from Chinese securities market. Accounting Research, 6, 77–85+96.
  • Chen, X. and Xia, L., 2006. Auditor tenure and audit quality: empirical evidence from the Chinese securities market. Accounting Research, 1, 44–53+93–94.
  • Chen, X., Wang, Y., and Chen, Y., 2013. Auditor size, auditor industry expertise and probability of informed trading. Accounting Research, 2, 69–77+95.
  • Chen, X., Wu, X., and Yang, Y., 2015. Do auditors treat their prospective employers more favorably prior to the revolving-door employment? Auditing Research, 1, 84–90.
  • Chen, Y. and Jiang, X., 2017. Can accounting comparability reduce audit fee? Double analyses based on information environment and agency problem. Auditing Research, 2, 89–97.
  • Chen, Y., Deng, W., and Li, Z., 2018. Can non-administrative penalty regulation improve audit quality? Evidence from inquiry letters. Auditing Research, 5, 82–88.
  • Cheng, L. and Chen, S., 2016. Provincial audit market, client auditor choice and audit fees: based on supply-demand trade-off. Accounting Research, 5, 87–94+96.
  • CICPA, 2016. CICPA Public Notice No. 12: Inspection Results on Auditing Firms’ Engagement Quality. http://www.reanda.com/newsContent.php?id=7622.
  • CICPA, 2019. Remember the mission of the profession and serving the construction of the country: A snapshot of the work, development and achievements of the auditing professions on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the foundation of the PRC. China Accounting Newspaper, 27 Sept. 2019.
  • Dai, L. and Lin, X., 2018. Executive subscription of the ESOPs, earning management and audit supervision. Auditing Research, 6, 90–96.
  • Dai, W., Liu, X., Chen, H., and Zhai, H., 2017. Does reform of accounting standards increase audit fees? Accounting Research, 2, 29–34+96.
  • DeAngelo, L.E., 1980. Auditor independence, “low balling”, and disclosure regulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 3 (2), 113–127.
  • DeFond, M.L. and Zhang, J., 2014. A review of archival auditing research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 58 (2-3), 275–326.
  • DeFond, M.L., Zhang, F., and Zhang, J.Y., 2021. Auditing research using Chinese data: what’s next? Accounting and Business Research, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2020.1746626.
  • Deng, Y., Xie, L., Zhang, M., and Wu, Y., 2021. Beg your pardon? The effect of communication costs on audit quality. Accounting and Business Research Special Issue, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2020.1748558.
  • Deng, F., You, B., and Chen, P., 2017. The impact of firms’ information technology capability on audit fees. Auditing Research, 1, 78–87.
  • Di, L. and Bu, D., 2019. Does the improvement in audit quality helps enterprises get more credit loans? Auditing Research, 2, 91–99.
  • Dong, P., Tian, G., and Yan, Q., 2007. An empirical study of the relationship between non-audit services and audit quality in the Chinese A-stock market. Auditing Research, 5, 42–49.
  • Du, X., 2018. Hospitality and auditor independence: Do gifts blind the eyes? Accounting Research, 5, 83–89.
  • Du, X., Zhou, Z., and Du, Y., 2011. Political connections, regional preferences in audit choice and audit opinions: evidence from Chinese state-owned listed companies. Auditing Research, 2, 77–86.
  • Duan, Y. and Chen, B., 2017. Asset impairment loss, audit fees and audit opinion. Auditing Research, 2, 40–47.
  • Fan, J., Zhang, Y., and Liu, Q., 2013. Internal control, auditor industry expertise, and accrual and real earnings management. Accounting Research, 4, 81–88+96.
  • Fang, H. and Chen, J., 2016. The cross-subsidization between fees for the two types of audit under an integrated model: knowledge spillover effect or economies of scale effect? Auditing Research, 1, 68–75+100.
  • Fang, H. and Zhang, Y., 2016. Supplier/customer relationship transactions, earnings management and the auditor’s decision-making behaviour. Accounting Research, 1, 79–86+96.
  • Feng, Y. and Liang, L., 2010. Litigation risk of listed company, audit fees and non-standard audit opinions: evidence from Chinese listed companies. Auditing Research, 3, 75–81.
  • Gao, L. and Zhang, J., 2010. Nature of property right, non-performing loan rate and audit fees: evidence from listed banks in China. Auditing Research, 2, 77–82.
  • Geng, Y. and Lu, G., 2018. Does enterprise integrity impact audit fees? An empirical study based on tax integrity. Auditing Research, 1, 68–77.
  • Gong, Q., Han, X., Shen, H., and Xing, Q., 2021. Does professional risk funds affect audit quality? Accounting and Business Research Special Issue, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2021.1911778.
  • Gong, Q., Li, Z., and Wang, S., 2011. Client resource control and quality effects of auditor rotation. Auditing Research, 5, 73–81.
  • Grafton, J., Lillis, A., and Mahama, H., 2011. Mixed methods research in accounting. Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management, 8 (1), 5–21.
  • Gu, F. and Xie, J., 2018. Internal control weakness, audit opinion and financing constraints: evidence from listed companies of Chinese main board A-share. Accounting Research, 12, 77–84.
  • Guo, F., Yuan, P., Zhou, J., and Guo, H., 2018. Does complexity of financial derivatives affect audit fee? An empirical study of listed commercial banks of China. Accounting Research, 7, 72–78.
  • Guo, Z., 2011. International Big 4 audit firms and high auditing quality: evidence from China’s securities market. Auditing Research, 1, 98–107.
  • He, W. and Liu, W., 2015. Managerial ability and audit fee. Accounting Research, 1, 82–89+97.
  • Hou, G., Yun, Y., and Song, C., 2007. A study of the information content of consecutive modified auditing opinions disclosed by listed companies. Auditing Research, 4, 48–58.
  • Hu, D. and Feng, Q., 2013. Information environment, audit quality and IPO underpricing: based on the A-share IPO firms during 2009∼2011. Accounting Research, 2, 78–85+95.
  • Hu, H. and Tang, J., 2015. Public bidding, audit quality and audit fees. Accounting Research, 3, 79–86+95.
  • Hu, Y. and Tang, S., 2007. Auditing, information transparency and the bank loan rate. Auditing Research, 6, 74–84+73.
  • Huang, K. and Zhang, L., 2010. Audit regulation, auditor switching and successor auditor conservatism. Auditing Research, 1, 65–74+64.
  • Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW), 2008. Evolution: Stakeholder Expectations of Audit. London: ICAEW.
  • Jia, N. and Li, D., 2015. Does the economic dependence on clients impair the audit quality: The evidence comes from the Chinese firms listed on the US markets. Auditing Research, 5, 102–112.
  • Jiang, X. and Tao, C., 2016. Research on the effect of CPA reappointment after mandatory rotation. Auditing Research, 3, 105–112.
  • Jin, X. and Lei, G., 2011. Audit supervision, of the nature of the ultimate controlling shareholder and tax aggressiveness. Auditing Research, 5, 98–106.
  • Lam, K., Liu, J., and Yip, R.W.Y., 2021. Does access to developed audit markets improve home audit quality? Evidence from China. Accounting and Business Research, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2021.1951645.
  • Lei, G., Qiu, B., and Wang, W., 2014. Social trust, auditor choice and investment efficiency. Auditing Research, 4, 72–80.
  • Li, B., Wang, B., and Qing, X., 2019a. Internal control quality, equity incentives and audit fees. Auditing Research, 1, 91–99.
  • Li, D., Huang, D., and Wang, Z., 2001. Unclean audit opinion, earnings management and audit firm switching. Accounting Research, 6, 51–57.
  • Li, H. and Li, L., 2008. Auditors’ investor protection role: evidence from agency cost of debt. Auditing Research, 3, 81–93.
  • Li, J., Song, H., and Deng, J., 2013. The influence of switching auditor organizational forms on audit fee. Auditing Research, 2, 99–105.
  • Li, M. and Yang, X., 2014. Auditor quality and the debt-equity choice: evidence from China. Accounting Research, 11, 75–82+97.
  • Li, M., Zhang, J., and Liu, X., 2012. The effect of audit firm mergers on audit pricing: evidence from Chinese stock market. Accounting Research, 5, 86–92+94.
  • Li, P., Chen, X., and Wen, H., 2018a. Social norms, environmental impact and audit fee: evidence from Chinese listed companies. Auditing Research, 4, 95–102.
  • Li, Q., 2009. Accounting information quality, auditing monitoring and corporate investment efficiency: empirical evidence of our listed corporations. Auditing Research, 4, 65–73+51.
  • Li, S. and Wu, X., 2004. Regulatory signals, risk assessment and audit pricing: evidence from auditor changes. Auditing Research, 1, 13–18.
  • Li, W., 2015. Environment uncertainty, accounting conservatism and anchoring effects in auditing judgment. Auditing Research, 1, 91–98.
  • Li, W., Han, X., and Wu, L., 2018b. The input-output effect of audit services. Accounting Research, 3, 71–77.
  • Li, W., Liu, H., and Wang, X., 2021. Does joining global accounting firm networks and associations affect audit quality and audit pricing? Evidence from China. Accounting and Business Research, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2020.1824115.
  • Li, X. and Zhuang, F., 2015. A study of the relationship between non-audit services and audit quality from different perspectives and institutional environments. Auditing Research, 4, 88–96.
  • Li, Y., Zhang, D., and Liu, W., 2014. Material internal control deficiency, ownership and audit fee. Auditing Research, 2, 45–52.
  • Li, Z., Niu, Y., and Chen, X., 2019b. Financial asset allocation, auditor identification and audit fees. Auditing Research, 3, 93–100.
  • Liang, S., Chen, D., and Hu, X., 2015. External auditor types and the cost stickiness of listed companies. Accounting Research, 2, 79–86+94.
  • Liao, Y., Zhang, L., and Xie, S., 2010. Institutional environment, independent audit and bank loans: evidence from a sample of financial distressed companies. Auditing Research, 2, 62–69.
  • Lin, W. and Ao, X., 2018. Corporate credit rating and audit fees. Auditing Research, 3, 95–103.
  • Liu, B., Ye, J., and Liao, Y., 2003a. An empirical study of the influencing factors of audit fees of listed companies in China. Auditing Research, 1, 44–47.
  • Liu, F. and Zhou, F., 2007. Does size really matter? A test of conservatism. Accounting Research, 3, 79–87+94.
  • Liu, F., Xie, B., and Huang, Y., 2009. Auditor size, client size and audit quality: empirical evidence from cross-listed mainland companies in HKSE. Auditing Research, 3, 45–54.
  • Liu, G. and Mou, Q., 2008. Audit market structure and audit quality: empirical evidence from the Chinese securities market. Accounting Research, 6, 85–92+96.
  • Liu, J., 2009. State ownership, earnings management and audit opinion. Audit Research, 2: 32–39.
  • Liu, J. and Zhou, R., 2007. Regulatory risks and audit pricing of China’s listed commercial banks. Auditing Research, 5, 56–62+55.
  • Liu, M., Li, L., and Zhang, Y., 2003b. An empirical analysis of Chinese audit market concentration and audit quality. Accounting Research, 7, 38–41.
  • Liu, Q., 2006. An empirical study of the effect of disaffiliation reform on audit independence. Auditing Research, 4, 40–49.
  • Liu, Q. and Tang, J., 2009. The learning curve, private relationship, audit tenure and audit quality. Auditing Research, 4, 52–64.
  • Liu, Q. and Yan, Z., 2006. Accounting estimate and audit quality. Accounting Research, 9, 82–88+96.
  • Liu, Q., Guo, J., and Tang, Y., 2015. Audit firms’ organizational form, legal liability, and audit quality: An individual auditor level analysis. Accounting Research, 4, 86–94+96.
  • Liu, Q., Li, H., Zhao, C., Liao, Y., and Chen, H., 2014. Negative press coverage, litigation risk and audit fees. Accounting Research, 6, 81–88+97.
  • Liu, Q., Zhou, L., Fu, J., and Xiao, J., 2010. Political connection, private relationship, audit firm choice and audit conspiracy. Audit Research, 4, 66–77.
  • Liu, W., 2016. Do CICPA inspections improve audit quality? Auditing Research, 6, 98–104.
  • Liu, X., 2013. Auditor sanction and audit pricing: based on the data of listed clients whose auditors are disciplined by the CSRC between 2008 and 2010. Auditing Research, 2, 90–98.
  • Liu, X., Chen, L., Liu, B., and Sun, F., 2006a. Do non-audit services influence auditor independence? Accounting Research, 7, 30–38+93.
  • Liu, X., Li, M., and Sun, L., 2017. Negative media coverage, audit pricing and audit delay. Accounting Research, 4, 88–94+96.
  • Liu, X., Sun, J., and Yuan, R., 2018. M&A compensation commitment and auditing fees. Accounting Research, 12, 70–76.
  • Liu, Y., Mai, J., and Wei, Z., 2006b. An empirical analysis of audit fees and earnings management: evidence from China’s securities market. Auditing Research, 2, 74–80.
  • Lu, Z. and Tong, P., 2003. Audit opinion, auditor change and supervisory rules: empirical evidence based on CSRC Rule No 14. Auditing Research, 3, 30–35.
  • Lu, Z., Wang, C., and Wu, L., 2012. Institutional improvement, client importance of business groups and modified audit opinion. Accounting Research, 10, 71–78+96.
  • Luo, Y. and Wu, L., 2018. The effect of capital market liberalization on auditing: evidence from Mainland-Hong Kong Stock connect. Auditing Research, 5, 65–73.
  • Lv, M. and Ran, M., 2012. Does media influence auditor behaviour? An empirical analysis from the earning-management-based risk identification. Auditing Research, 6, 82–89.
  • Ma, J. and Li, W., 2013. A study of the impacts of related-party transactions on the pricing of audit services: empirical evidence from Shanghai A share listed companies. Auditing Research, 1, 79–86.
  • Macve, R.H., 2020. Perspectives from Mainland China, Hong Kong and the UK on the development of China’s auditing firms: implications and a research agenda. Accounting and Business Research, 50 (7), 641–692.
  • Mautz, R.K. and Sharaf, H.A., 1961. The Philosophy of Auditing. New York: The American Accounting Association.
  • Mei, D. and Gao, Q., 2016. The influence of the audit firm’s independence and industry expertise on accounting conservatism. Auditing Research, 6, 80–88.
  • Ministry of Civil Affairs (MoCA), 2018. Communique of Social Service Development. Accessible at http://www.mca.gov.cn/article/sj/tjgb/.
  • Ministry of Education (MoE), 2019. Communique of the Implementation of the National Education Budget. Accessible at http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202006/t20200612_465293.html.
  • National Statistics Office (NSO), 2020. Communique of National Economy and Social Development Statistics in 2019. Accessible at https://www.guancha.cn/politics/2020_02_28_538958.shtml.
  • Ni, X., Dai, D., and Zhang, D., 2017. Share-based incentives and audit fees: evidence from China. Auditing Research, 1, 69–77.
  • Ou, J., Su, G., and Zhou, L., 2011. An empirical study of the usefulness of audit reports in predicting bank loan failures. Accounting Research, 5, 86–91+96.
  • Pan, K., 2010. The ultimate controlling owners’ political status, self-discipline corporate governance and audit demand: evidence from Chinese pre-IPO private listed firms. Auditing Research, 4, 57–65.
  • Power, M. and Gendron, Y., 2015. Qualitative research in auditing: A methodological roadmap. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 34 (2), 147–165.
  • Qi, J., Chen, H., and Zhang, Y., 2004. Audit firms’ size, brands, fees and audit quality: A study of Big 4 audit firms’ fees and quality in China. Auditing Research, 3, 59–65.
  • Qi, L. and Han, C., 2016. A study of the relationship between client ownership, audit fees and audit quality based on risk-based auditing theory. Auditing Research, 2, 66–73.
  • Qian, C. and Zhou, Z., 2007. Book-tax differences, audit fee and modified audit opinions. Auditing Research, 1, 59–67.
  • Quan, X., Xu, X., and Cai, W., 2018. Does executives’ military experience affect audit fees: A new perspective based on organizational culture. Auditing Research, 2, 80–86.
  • Ran, M., Wang, C., and He, Y., 2016a. Audit quality, accounting standards change and meeting or beating analyst expectations. Auditing Research, 5, 63–72+112.
  • Ran, M., Wang, Y., and Yang, H., 2016b. The contagion effects of sanctioned auditors. Accounting Research, 12, 85–91+96.
  • Ruan, L. and Zhang, H., 2021. Do auditors consider alleged bribery when accepting clients? Evidence from Chinese non-state-owned enterprises. Accounting and Business Research, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2020.1868283
  • Shen, H., Wang, H., and Wu, L., 2017. The collusion effect of local auditors. Accounting Research, 2, 83–89+97.
  • Shen, H., Wu, L., and Xiao, Z., 2010. Environmental uncertainty and audit opinion: An investigation based on equity structure. Accounting Research, 12, 57–64.
  • Shen, H., Zhang, J., and Yu, Y., 2018. Executives’ academic background, external governance and audit fees. Auditing Research, 4, 86–94.
  • Shen, Y., Qi, W., and Zeng, Y., 2006. An empirical analysis of the effect of mandatory auditor rotation in China. Auditing Research, 4, 50–59.
  • Shen, Y., Qi, W., and Zeng, Y., 2009. Auditor tenure, corporate governance and earnings quality. Auditing Research, 2, 50–56.
  • Simunic, D.A., 1980. The pricing of audit services: theory and evidence. Journal of Accounting Research, 18 (1), 161–190.
  • Song, C. and Yun, B., 2005. The information content of the first modified audit opinion disclosed by listed companies. Auditing Research, 1, 32–40.
  • Song, C., Yang, H., and Li, Q., 2016. Auditors’ industry expertise and enterprise cost stickiness. Auditing Research, 6, 72–79.
  • Song, Y., 2011. Audit risk, audit pricing and relative bargaining power: evidence from listed companies that are investigated or punished by supervisors. Accounting Research, 2, 79–84+97.
  • Song, Y. and Fu, H., 2012. Does auditor tenure affect audit quality? Empirical evidence from Chinese companies that release financial restatements. Accounting Research, 1, 75–80+97.
  • Song, Y. and Yin, D., 2005. Accounting firm change, audit fees and audit quality: evidence from listed companies that change audit firms. Auditing Research, 2, 72–77.
  • Song, Z. and Yu, Y., 2018. Type of audit team industry expertise, audit fee premium and audit quality. Accounting Research, 4, 82–88.
  • Su, L., Zhang, R., and Lu, R., 2019. Equity incentives and external auditors’ risk response. Auditing Research, 3, 120–128.
  • Tan, Q. and Bao, S., 2015. Can book-tax differences influence audit fees, from the perspectives of earnings management and tax avoidance? Auditing Research, 2, 81–88.
  • Tan, Y., Xiao, Z., Zeng, C., and Zou, H., 2021. What’s in a name? The valuation effect of board director surname sharing. Journal of Banking and Finance, 122 (Jan.), 1–21.
  • Tang, Q., Zeng, S., Cai, G., and Chen, W., 2018. Do auditors’ M&A due diligence services affect audit quality of post-M&A financial reports? Auditing Research, 1, 94–102.
  • Tang, S. and Li, D., 2019. The supply chain’s geographical proximity and audit fees. Auditing Research, 1, 72–80.
  • Tang, X. and Zhang, J., 2017. Does voluntary disclosure of internal control audit fee improve internal control auditors’ independence? Auditing Research, 3, 90–96.
  • Tang, Y., Li, W., and Xie, R., 2006. Blockholders’ counterbalance, information asymmetry and external auditing constraints: evidence from Chinese listed companies from 2001 to 2004. Auditing Research, 5, 33–39.
  • Tuggle, C.S., Schnatterly, K., and Johnson, R.A., 2010. Attention patterns in the boardroom: how board composition and processes affect discussion of entrepreneurial issues. Academy of Management Journal, 53 (3), 550–571.
  • Van Peteghem, M., Bruynseels, L., and Gaeremynck, A., 2017. Beyond diversity: A tale of faultlines and frictions in the board of directors. The Accounting Review, 93 (2), 339–367.
  • Wan, D., 2015. Audit fees and risk of stock price crash. Auditing Research, 6, 85–93.
  • Wang, B. and Wu, L., 2017. Do auditors treat with deviated strategy differently? Auditing Research, 5, 54–61.
  • Wang, B. and Xin, Q., 2009. Rent-seeking motivation and auditing market: evidence from IPO private firms. Auditing Research, 3, 74–80.
  • Wang, B., Xin, Q., and Yang, D., 2009a. Whether auditor reputation influences share pricing: evidence from IPO market in China. Accounting Research, 11, 73–81+96.
  • Wang, C., Lu, Z., and Wu, L., 2013. Business group unified audit and the cost of equity. Accounting Research, 6, 75–82+96.
  • Wang, C., Wu, L., and Lu, Z., 2010a. Does hiring the same auditor in a corporation group impair auditor independence? Accounting Research, 11, 65–71+97.
  • Wang, F. and Shen, Y., 2018. The impact of product market competition and auditors’ response to risk. Auditing Research, 6, 81–89.
  • Wang, F. and Zhou, H., 2015. Guarantee method effect and demand for independent audit: An empirical study based on the Chinese bond market. Accounting Research, 7, 71–78+97.
  • Wang, J., Xia, C., and Fu, D., 2019. Deregulation on short selling constraints, stock rights pledge by controlling shareholders and audit fees. Auditing Research, 3, 84–92.
  • Wang, S. and Li, Y., 2012. Managerial interference, audit committee independence and earning management. Auditing Research, 4, 68–75.
  • Wang, S., Liu, Z., Zhang, Y., and Wu, S., 2017. Fair value expertise and audit fees. Auditing Research, 2, 48–56.
  • Wang, S., Song, Y., and Xu, Y., 2018a. Does auditor industry specialization mitigate asset mispricing? Auditing Research, 2, 96–103.
  • Wang, S., Sun, Z., and Zhang, X., 2009b. Audit opinion, institutional characteristics and the financing constraints: evidence from the capital market in China. Auditing Research, 2, 63–72.
  • Wang, S., Tang, S., Li, Z., and Jiang, L., 2010b. Earnings management, client base and audit quality: empirical evidence from Chinese capital market. Auditing Research, 1, 55–64.
  • Wang, X., Gao, X., and He, J., 2018b. Risk information disclosure in the annual report and audit fee: based on the cosine similarity of text. Auditing Research, 5, 98–104.
  • Wang, X., Wang, P., and Zhang, J., 2014. Customer concentration and audit fee: customer risk or integration. Auditing Research, 6, 72–82.
  • Wang, X., Zhang, S., and Gao, W., 2008. An empirical study of audit committee characteristics and auditor change. Auditing Research, 4, 87–96.
  • Wang, Y. and Chen, S., 2001. A study of the effect of the disaffiliation reform on audit independence. Auditing Research, 3, 2–9.
  • Wang, Y. and Liao, Y., 2009. Ownership structure, tunneling and auditor rotation: evidence from downward auditor rotation. Auditing Research, 1, 43–49.
  • Wang, Y., Xu, R., Wang, C., and Yu, L., 2018c. Can key audit matters enhance the communication value of the audit report? Accounting Research, 6, 86–93.
  • Wei, C, 2014. Auditors’ industry expertise and clients’ tax avoidance. Auditing Research, 2, 74–83.
  • Wei, Z. and Chen, Y., 2019. Direct investments in tax havens and audit fees. Auditing Research, 3, 75–83.
  • Wei, Z., Li, C., Zeng, A., and Chen, W., 2017. Related party transactions, managerial power and corporate fraud governance: A discussion on the governance function of audit supervision. Auditing Research, 5, 87–95.
  • Wen, W., Humphrey, C., and Sonnerfeldt, A., 2021. The strategic significance of the CICPA in the making of a Chinese home-grown public accounting profession. Accounting and Business Research, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2021.1935684.
  • Wu, H. and Zheng, F., 2017. Audit quality, social trust and payment methods in M&As. Auditing Research, 3, 82–89.
  • Wu, L., 2003. An analysis of the impact of earnings management on audit fees: evidence from the disclosure of the first audit expenses of listed companies in China. Accounting Research, 12, 39–44.
  • Wu, L. and Tan, L., 2005. Audit firm switching and audit opinion shopping. Auditing Research, 2, 34–40.
  • Wu, L., Wang, C., and Lu, Z., 2012. Does hiring the same auditor within a group company reduce audit fees? Auditing Research, 1, 69–77.
  • Wu, L., Wang, C., and Lu, Z., 2013. Auditor switching by a group company and opinion shopping. Auditing Research, 1, 70–78.
  • Wu, X. and Zhang, J., 2012. Market position of Chinese local audit firms and associated economic return. Accounting Research, 7, 80–88+97.
  • Wu, X., Wang, C., and Li, B., 2018. Competition in China’s audit market: evidence from newly-established. Accounting Research, 12, 12–18.
  • Wu, Y., Mao, J., and Lu, Y., 2008. Research on audit fees premium and client size: evidence from the Shanghai stock exchange. Accounting Research, 5, 83–89+96.
  • Xia, N. and Yang, S., 2018. Shareholding by heterogeneous institutional investors and audit fees. Auditing Research, 2, 72–79.
  • Xiao, Z., Zhang, Y., and Xie, Z., 2000. The making of independent auditing standards in China. Accounting Horizons, 14 (1), 69–89.
  • Xie, S. and Yan, H., 2013. CPA’s job-hopping, hypernormal instrumental relationship and audit quality. Auditing Research, 12, 86–91+97.
  • Xie, S. and Yan, H., 2014. A comparative study of the effect of CPA firm rotation and CPA rotation. Auditing Research, 4, 81–88+112.
  • Xing, L. and Chen, H., 2013. Product market competition, competitive position and audit fees: double considerations based on agency costs and business risks. Auditing Research, 3, 50–58.
  • Xu, Y., 2018. Does rent-type abnormal audit fees affect audit quality? Accounting Research, 5, 90–96.
  • Xue, S., Yao, Y., and Wang, X., 2018. Supply chain concentration and audit opinion shopping. Accounting Research, 8, 57–64.
  • Yan, H., Liu, N., and Chen, X., 2015. Will the change of organizational form affect the audit pricing strategy: empirical evidence from Chinese listed companies. Auditing Research, 5, 93–101.
  • Yang, D. and Lu, M., 2017. Does the internet business model affect the audit fees of listed companies? Auditing Research, 6, 84–90.
  • Yang, H. and Xu, P., 2004. The effect of audit firm switching on audit independence. Auditing Research, 1, 83–88.
  • Yang, Q., Yao, J., and Zhang, J., 2015. Can sharing a common auditor reduce financial restatements of firms? Evidence from Chinese listed companies. Accounting Research, 6, 72–79+97.
  • Yang, Q., Zhang, J., Yang, Z., and Qin, R., 2017. Audit integration and audit fees: dual perspectives of scale coordination and knowledge spillover. Accounting Research, 3, 82–89+95.
  • Yang, X., Li, M., and Cheng, H., 2018. Changes of local officials and audit pricing. Auditing Research, 5, 89–97.
  • Yang, Y., Zhang, C., and Sun, S., 2014. Can political connection weaken the CSRC’s governance of audit firms? A study based on private listed companies’ violations of securities regulations. Auditing Research, 4, 97–103.
  • Yao, Y., 2018. Press coverage and internal control opinion shopping. Auditing Research, 4, 111–119.
  • Yao, Y., Hu, N., and Zhou, L., 2017. Auditor switching, accounting firms’ transformation and stock price crash risk. Auditing Research, 3, 97–104.
  • Ye, J., He, K., Yang, Q., and Ye, Y., 2016. Unverifiable estimates in goodwill impairment test and audit fees. Auditing Research, 1, 76–84.
  • You, J., Wu, X., Luo, L, Shen, H., and Tan, X., 2021. New business as a bargaining factor in audit pricing: evidence from emissions trading schemes. Accounting and Business Research, 52 (6–7). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2021.1874265.
  • Yu, H., He, N., and Xia, C., 2018. Local governments’ environmental regulation and audit fees: evidence from private listed companies in heavily polluting industries. Auditing Research, 4, 77–85.
  • Yu, P., 2007. Firm characteristics, the Big 4 and audit opinion. Auditing Research, 2, 53–60.
  • Yu, P. and Shen, H., 2018. Supervision distance, auditor size and earnings quality. Auditing Research, 5, 105–112.
  • Yu, X., Nie, X., and Liu, H., 2008. Does client importance effect audit quality? Evidence from Chinese listed companies’ 2003–2006 data. Accounting Research, 10, 66–72+97.
  • Yu, Y. and Liu, Q., 2007. Does the system of corporate governance contribute to improving audit quality? Auditing Research, 5, 77–83.
  • Yu, Y. and Wang, Y., 2011. Bank governance, ownership structure and the pricing of audit services: empirical evidence from A-share listed companies. Auditing Research, 4, 79–86.
  • Yuan, D., Xu, W., Chen, X., Liu, X., and Liu, G., 2018. Accent sharing between signing auditors and executives and audit quality. Auditing Research, 2, 113–121.
  • Zeng, S. and Li, Q., 2016. Spillover effect of tax aggressiveness: evidence from common auditors in China. Accounting Research, 6, 70–76+95.
  • Zeng, Y. and Zhang, J., 2010. The effect of audit firm mergers on audit quality. Auditing Research, 5, 53–60.
  • Zhai, H., 2006. The auditing committee and earnings quality: empirical evidence from Chinese securities market. Auditing Research, 6, 50–57.
  • Zhai, S., Zhang, W., Cao, Y., and Piao, R., 2016. Analyst following and audit opinion shopping. Accounting Research, 6, 86–93+95.
  • Zhang, J. and Wei, C., 2016. Legal risk, audit experience and audit quality. Auditing Research, 1, 85–93.
  • Zhang, J., Liu, H., and Yang, B., 2015. The effect of unsettled litigation of listed companies on audit fees and audit opinion types. Auditing Research, 1, 67–74.
  • Zhang, J., Yu, S., and Cheng, Z., 2017. Dose stock rights pledging of blockholders affect auditors’ decisions? Evidence from audit fees and audit opinions. Auditing Research, 3, 65–73.
  • Zhang, L., Peng, W., and Zhong, K., 2018. Macro-economy and audit fee: demand side or supply side dominates? Accounting Research, 2, 76–82.
  • Zhang, L., Xing, C., and Li, L., 2017c. Going concern opinions, management confidence and investment efficiency. Auditing Research, 1, 52–58.
  • Zhang, R. and Wang, Y., 2019. Does corporate strategy impact audit contracts: evidence from China’s capital market. Auditing Research, 2, 55–63.
  • Zhang, R. and Xu, X., 2017. Unified audit of parent-subsidiary corporations and stock price crash risk. Accounting Research, 9, 76–82+97.
  • Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., and Yang, Q., 2011. A study of internal control and audit pricing: evidence from Chinese listed companies. Auditing Research, 5, 65–72.
  • Zhang, X., He, J., and Tao, Z., 2014. Can accounting firm reputation reduce the cost of equity capital of listed company effectively? Auditing Research, 5, 86–93.
  • Zhang, Y., 2013. Trust, audit opinion and the trade credit financing. Auditing Research, 5, 72–79.
  • Zhang, Y., 2011. Factors influencing the fees for auditing internal control over financial reporting: empirical research based on Chinese companies listed in the USA. Accounting Research, 12, 70–77+97.
  • Zhang, Y. and Zhang, L., 2007. Independence threat, the effect of audit committee: theoretical analysis and empirical research. Accounting Research, 10, 87–94+96.
  • Zhang, Y., Xiong, Y., and Zeng, Z., 2019. Abnormal audit fees and earnings management using classification shifting-economic rents or audit costs. Auditing Research, 2, 82–90.
  • Zhao, Z., 2007. Small profit, independent directors and auditing. Accounting Research, 4, 90–94+96.
  • Zheng, C. and Li, X., 2018. Goodwill arising from M&As and audit service pricing. Auditing Research, 6, 113–120.
  • Zheng, D. and Yan, T., 2016. Accounting conservatism, audit quality and cost of debt. Auditing Research, 2, 74–81.
  • Zhou, D., Fang, X., and Huang, W., 2018. Foreign investors and the demand for high audit quality: evidence from Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock connect. Auditing Research, 6, 56–64.
  • Zhou, D., Kang, H., and Zhao, Y., 2015. Insider trading and the going-concern opinion: empirical evidence from the distressed companies. Auditing Research, 2, 97–105.
  • Zhou, D., Zhou, L., and Zhao, Y., 2007. Auditor tenure, audit quality and investor’s reaction: empirical evidence from the Chinese securities market. Auditing Research, 6, 67–73.
  • Zhou, K., Ma, Z., and Wu, L., 2016. Do going concern audit opinions have incremental value? Evidence from debt financing. Accounting Research, 8, 81–88+97.
  • Zhou, W., Xu, Y., and Wang, N., 2012. The influence of CPA’s tenure and rotation on client companies’ accounting conservatism. Auditing Research, 3, 90–97.
  • Zhu, C. and Wu, L., 2009. Audit consequences of companies’ accounting and financial irregularities: An analysis of the punishment bulletins of the CRSC, SSE, and SZSE. Auditing Research, 4, 42–51.
  • Zhu, C., Wu, L., and Tian, L., 2017. The impact of agency cost and flexible disclosure on audit fee. Accounting Research, 7, 89–95+97.
  • Zhu, S. and Chen, G., 2012. Accounting conservatism and auditing fee: an analysis based on the audit risk control strategy. Auditing Research, 1, 87–95.
  • Zhu, X. and Guo, Z., 2006. A study on the information content of the increase in audit fees without changing audit firms: audit opinion shopping without changing audit firms. Auditing Research, 2, 64–68.
  • Zhu, Y. and Bai, J., 2018. Does asset mispricing affect the audit fees? Auditing Research, 6, 97–104.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.