Direct oral anticoagulants vs. vitamin K antagonists for left ventricular thrombus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

References

• Solheim S, Seljeflot I, Lunde K, et al. Frequency of left ventricular thrombus in patients with anterior wall acute myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and dual antiplatelet therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(9):1197–1200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mao TF, Bajwa A, Muskula P, et al. Incidence of left ventricular thrombus in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2018;121(1):27–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gianstefani S, Douiri A, Delithanasis I, et al. Incidence and predictors of early left ventricular thrombus after ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the contemporary era of primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2014;113(7):1111–1116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson AA, Jain A, Gentry M, et al. Left ventricular thrombi after STEMI in the primary PCI era: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2016;221:554–559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;127(4):e362-425–555.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mekaj YH, Mekaj AY, Duci SB, et al. New oral anticoagulants: their advantages and disadvantages compared with vitamin K antagonists in the prevention and treatment of patients with thromboembolic events. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2015;11:967–977.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guyatt GH, Akl EA, Crowther M, et al. Executive summary: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2012;141(2):7S–47s.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aydin F, Turgay Yildirim O, Huseyinoglu Aydin A, et al. Is Rivaroxaban a safe choice for apical thrombus in atrial fibrillation patients? A case report. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018;27(9):e203–e5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noflatscher M, Moes N, Gassner EM, et al. Dabigatran added to dual antiplatelet therapy to treat a left ventricular thrombus in an 87 year old patient with myocardial infarction and very high bleeding risk. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smetana KS, Dunne J, Parrott K, et al. Oral factor Xa inhibitors for the treatment of left ventricular thrombus: a case series. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2017;44(4):519–524.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seecheran R, Seecheran V, Persad S, et al. Rivaroxaban as an antithrombotic agent in a patient with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and left ventricular thrombus: a case report. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2017;5(1):2324709617697991.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mano Y, Koide K, Sukegawa H, et al. Successful resolution of a left ventricular thrombus with apixaban treatment following acute myocardial infarction. Heart Vessels. 2016;31(1):118–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells Bs GA, O'Connell D, Peterson J, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. 2011. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp
   Google Scholar
• Asinger RW, Mikell FL, Elsperger J, et al. Incidence of left-ventricular thrombosis after acute transmural myocardial infarction. Serial evaluation by two-dimensional echocardiography. N Engl J Med. 1981;305(6):297–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nesković AN, Marinković J, Bojić M, et al. Predictors of left ventricular thrombus formation and disappearance after anterior wall myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(6):908–916.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2002;21(11):1539–1558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557–560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics. 1994;50(4):1088–1101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egger M, Smith GD, Schneider M, et al. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ. 1997;315(7109):629–634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patsopoulos NA, Evangelou E, Ioannidis JP. Sensitivity of between-study heterogeneity in meta-analysis: proposed metrics and empirical evaluation. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37(5):1148–1157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bass M, Page RL, Kiser TH, et al. Comparative effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin for the treatment of left ventricular thrombus. J Cardiac Fail. 2019;25(8):S26–S27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cochran JM, Jia X, Kaczmarek J, et al. Direct oral anticoagulants in the treatment of left ventricular thrombus: a retrospective, multicenter study and meta-analysis of existing data. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2020. doi:10.1177/1074248420967644.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daher J, Da Costa A, Hilaire C, et al. Management of left ventricular thrombi with direct oral anticoagulants: retrospective comparative study with vitamin K antagonists. Clin Drug Investig. 2020;40(4):343–353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guddeti RR, Anwar M, Walters RW, et al. Treatment of left ventricular thrombus with direct oral anticoagulants: a retrospective observational study. Am J Med. 2020;133:1488–1491.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iqbal H, Straw S, Craven TP, et al. Direct oral anticoagulants compared to vitamin K antagonist for the management of left ventricular thrombus. ESC Heart Fail. 2020;7:2032–2041.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaidka A, Zhu T, Lavi S, et al. Treatment of left ventricular thrombus using warfarin versus direct oral anticoagulants following anterior myocardial infarction. Can J Cardiol. 2018;34(10):S143.
   Google Scholar
• Jones DA, Wright P, Alizadeh MA, et al. The use of novel oral anti-coagulant’s (NOAC) compared to vitamin K antagonists (Warfarin) in patients with left ventricular thrombus after Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2020. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa096.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson AA, Trankle CR, Eubanks G, et al. Off-label use of direct oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin for left ventricular thrombi. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;5(6):685–692.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simmonds M. Quantifying the risk of error when interpreting funnel plots. Syst Rev. 2015;4:24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debray TPA, Moons KGM, Riley RD. Detecting small-study effects and funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analysis of survival data: a comparison of new and existing tests. Res Synth Methods. 2018;9(1):41–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vazquez SR. Drug-drug interactions in an era of multiple anticoagulants: a focus on clinically relevant drug interactions. Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2018;2018(1):339–347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al. 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2018;39(2):119–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lattuca B, Bouziri N, Kerneis M, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for patients with left ventricular mural thrombus. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(14):1676–1685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): the task force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines and the heart rhythm society in collaboration with the society of thoracic surgeons. Circulation. 2019;140(2):e125–e151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murtaza G, Turagam MK, Atti V, et al. Warfarin vs. non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants for left atrial appendage thrombus: a meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2020;31(7):1822–1827.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harada M, Van Wagoner DR, Nattel S. Role of inflammation in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology and management. Circ J. 2015;79(3):495–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delewi R, Zijlstra F, Piek JJ. Left ventricular thrombus formation after acute myocardial infarction. Heart. 2012;98(23):1743–1749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keeley EC, Hillis LD. Left ventricular mural thrombus after acute myocardial infarction. Clin Cardiol. 1996;19(2):83–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpie AGG, Robinson JG, Doyle DJ, et al. Comparison of high-dose with low-dose subcutaneous heparin to prevent left ventricular mural thrombosis in patients with acute transmural anterior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1989;320(6):352–357.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar