37
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Increasing incidence of anal sphincter tears among primiparas in Sweden: A population-based register study

, &
Pages 564-573 | Received 31 Oct 2007, Published online: 03 Aug 2009

References

  • Borello-France D, Burgio KL, Richter HE, Zyczynski H, FitzGerald MP, Whitehead W, et al. Fecal and urinary incontinence in primiparous women. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 108(4)863–72
  • Andrews V, Thankar R, Sultan AH, Jones PW. Evaluation of postpartum perineal pain and dyspareunia – a prospective study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2007, Aug 1 [Epub ahead of print].
  • Fenner DE, Genberg HE, Brahma P, Marek L, DeLancey JO. Fecal and urinary incontinence after vaginal delivery with anal sphincter disruption in an obstetrics unit in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003; 189(6)1543–9
  • Macarthur AJ, Macarthur C. Incidence, severity, and determinants of perineal pain after vaginal delivery: a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 191(4)1199–204
  • Nichols CM, Nam M, Ramakrishnan V, Lamb EH, Currie N. Anal sphincter defects and bowel symptoms in women with and without recognized anal sphincter trauma. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 194(5)1450–4
  • Odlind V, Haglund B, Pakkanen M, Otterblad Olausson P. Deliveries, mothers and newborn infants in Sweden, 1973–2000. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003; 82: 516–28
  • Röckner G, Fianu-Jonasson A. Changed pattern in the use of episiotomy in Sweden. BJOG. 1999; 106: 95–101
  • The National Public Health Report. The National Board of Health and Welfare. 2005(5):106–116 ( www.socialstyrelsen.se).
  • Di Piazza DA, Richet HE, Chapman V, Cliver S, Neely C, Chen CC, et al. Risk factors for anal sphincter tear in multiparas. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 107(6)1233–7
  • Handa VLML, Danielsen BH, Gilbert WM. Obstetric anal sphincter lacerations. Obstet Gynecol. 2001; 98(2)225–30
  • Dahl C, Kjolhede P. Obstetric anal sphincter rupture in older primiparous women: a case-control study. Acta Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 85: 1252–8
  • Donnelly V, Fynes M, Campell D, Johnson H, O'Conell PR, O'Herlihy C. Obstetric events leading to anal sphincter damage. Obstet Gynecol. 1998; 92(6)955–61
  • FitzGerald M, Weber A, Howden N, Cundiff GW, Brown MB. Risk factors for anal sphincter tear during vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2007; 109(1)29–34
  • Christianson LM, Bovbjerg VE, McDavitt RN, Hullfish KL. Risk factors for perineal injury during delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003; 189: 255–60
  • Kudish B, Blackwell S, McNeeley SG, Bujold E, Kruger M, Hendrix SL, et al. Operative vaginal delivery and midline episiotomy: a bad combination for the perineum. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 195(3)749–54
  • Gupta N, Kiran TU, Mulik V, Bethel J, Bhal K. The incidence, risk factors and obstetric outcome in primigravid women sustaining anal sphincter tears. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003; 82(8)736–43
  • Zetterstrom J, López A, Anzén B, Norman M, Holmström B, Mellgren A. Anal sphincter tears at vaginal delivery: risk factors and clinical outcome of primary repair. Obstet Gynecol. 1999; 94(1)21–8
  • Buchhave B, Flatov L, Rydhstroem H, Thobert G. Risk factors for rupture of the anal sphincter. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1999; 87(2)129–32
  • Hudelist G, Gelle'n J, Singer C, Ruecklinger E, Czerwenka K, Kandolf O, et al. Factors predicting severe perineal trauma during childbirth: role of forceps delivery routinely combined with mediolateral episiotomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005; 192(3)875–81
  • Andrews V, Sultan AH, Thakar AR, Jones PV. Risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injury: a prospective study. Birth. 2006; 33(2)117–22
  • Samuelsson E, Ladfors L, Wennerholm UB, Gåreberg B, Nyberg K, Hagberg H. Anal sphincter tears: prospective study of obstetric risk factors. BJOG. 2000; 107: 926–31
  • Gottvall K, Allebeck P, Ekéus C. Risk factors for anal sphincter tears: the importance of maternal position at birth. BJOG. 2007; 114: 1266–72
  • Gåreberg B, Magnusson B, Sultan B, Wennerholm UB, Wennergren M, Hagberg H. Birth in standing position: a high frequency of third degree tears. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1994; 73(8)630–3
  • de Leeuw JW, Vierhout ME, Struijk PC, Hop WCJ, Wallenburg HCS. Anal sphincter damage after vaginal delivery: functional outcome and risk factors for fecal incontinence. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2001; 80(9)830–4
  • Kearney R, Miller JM, Asshton-Miller JA, DeLancey JO. Obstetric factors associated with levator ani muscle injury after vaginal birth. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 107(1)144–9
  • Pollack J, Nordenstam J, Brismar S, Lopez A, Altman D, Zetterström J. Anal incontinence after vaginal delivery: a five-year prospective cohort study. Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 104: 1397–402
  • Samuelsson E, Ladfors L, Wennerholm UB, Gåreberg B, Nyberg K, Hagberg H. Anal sphincter tears: prospective study of obstetric risk factors. BJOG. 2000; 107: 926–31
  • Swedish Version of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Socialstyrelsen: National Board of Health and Welfare, 1996.
  • SPSS. Statistical Package for Social Science. Chicago, IL, 1996.
  • Essén B, Sjöberg N-O, Gudmunsson S, Östergren P-O, Lindqvist PG. No association between female circumcision and prolonged labour: a case control study of immigrant women giving birth in Sweden. Eur J Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 121: 182–5
  • Gudmundsson S, Henningsson AC, Lindqvist P. Correlation of birth injury with maternal height and birthweight. BJOG. 2005; 112: 764–7
  • Cederblad M, Hook B, Irhammar M, Mercke AM. Mental health international adoptees as teenagers and young adults: an epidemiological study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1999; 40: 1239–48
  • Ledin Eriksson S, Otterblad Olausson P, Olofsson C. Use of epidural analgesia and its relation to caesarean and instrumental deliveries – a population-based study of 94,217 primiparae. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2006; 128(1–2)270–5
  • Anim-Somuah M, Smith R, Howell C. Epidural versus non-epidural or no analgesia in labour. Cochrane Database Sys Rev 2005; 19: CD000331
  • Lakshmidevi VP, Spencer J. Assisted vaginal delivery using the vacuum extractor. Am Fam Physician. 2000; 62: 1360–20
  • Cnattingius S, Ericson A, Gunnarskog J, Källén B. A quality study of a medical birth registry. Scand J Soc Med. 1990; 18: 143–8

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.