Comparison of MS-222 and Electronarcosis as Anesthetics on Cortisol Levels in Juvenile Atlantic Sturgeon

REFERENCES

• Barton , B. A. 2002 . Stress in fishes: a diversity of responses with particular reference to changes in circulating corticosteroids . Integrative and Comparative Biology , 42 : 517 – 525 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barton , B. A. , Bollig , H. , Hauskins , B. L. and Jansen , C. R. 2000 . Juvenile Pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) and hybrid pallid×Shovelnose (S. albus×platorynchus) sturgeons exhibit low physiological responses to acute handling and severe confinement . Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , 126A : 125 – 134 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damon-Randall , K. , Bohl , R. , Bolden , S. , Fox , D. , Hager , C. , Hickson , B. , Hilton , E. , Mohler , J. , Robbins , E. , Savoy , T. and Spells , A. 2010 . “ Atlantic Sturgeon research techniques ” . NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-215
   Google Scholar
• Henyey , E. , Kynard , B. and Zhuang , P. 2002 . Use of electronarcosis to immobilize juvenile Lake and Shortnose sturgeons for handling and the effects on their behavior . Journal of Applied Ichthyology , 18 : 502 – 504 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson , J. M. , Johnson , J. R. and Kynard , B. 2011 . A portable electronarcosis system for anesthetizing salmonids and other fish . North American Journal of Fisheries Management , 31 : 335 – 339 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwama , G. K. , Afonso , L. O. B. and Vijayan , M. M. 2006 . “ Stress in fishes ” . In The physiology of fishes, 3rd edition , Edited by: Evans , D. H. and Claiborne , J. B. 319 – 342 . Boca Raton , Florida : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Matsche , M. A. 2011 . Evaluation of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) as a surgical anesthetic for Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus . Journal of Applied Ichthyology , 27 : 600 – 610 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohler , J. W. 2003 . Culture manual for the Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus , Hadley , Massachusetts : U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 5 .
   Google Scholar
• NIH (National Institutes of Health) . 1985 . “ Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals ” . Bethesda , Maryland : NIH, Publication 85-23 .
   Google Scholar
• Roth , B. , Imsland , A. , Moeller , D. and Slinde , E. 2003 . Effect of electric field strength and current duration on stunning and injuries in market-sized Atlantic Salmon held in seawater . North American Journal of Aquaculture , 65 : 8 – 13 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Summerfelt , R. C. and Smith , L. S. 1990 . “ Anesthesia, surgery, and related techniques ” . In Methods for fish biology , Edited by: Schreck , C. B. and Moyle , P. B. 213 – 272 . Bethesda , Maryland : American Fisheries Society .
   Google Scholar