Walleye Foraging Ecology in an Interconnected Chain of Lakes Influenced by Nonnative Species

REFERENCES

• Bearhop, S., C. E. Adams, S. Waldrons, R. A. Fuller, and H. Macleod. 2004. Determining trophic niche width: a novel approach using stable isotope analysis. Journal of Animal Ecology 73:1007–1012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beisner, B. E., A. R. Ives, and S. R. Carpenter. 2003. The effects of an exotic fish invasion on the prey communities of two lakes. Journal of Animal Ecology 72:331–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benson, A. J. 2014. Zebra mussel sightings distribution. Available: //nas.er.usgs.gov/taxgroup/mollusks/zebramussel/zebramusseldistribution.aspx (October 2014).
   Google Scholar
• Billington, N., C. C. Wilson, and B. L. Sloss. 2011. Distribution and population genetics of Walleye and Sauger. Pages 105–132 in B. A. Barton, editor. Biology, management, and culture of Walleye and Sauger. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, J. L., and S. I. Dodson. 1965. Predation, body size, and composition of plankton. Science 150:28–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, L. M., R. Thacker, D. Barton, D. C. G. Muir, D. Greenwood, and R. E. Hecky. 2009. Re-engineering the eastern Lake Erie littoral food web: the trophic function of non-indigenous Ponto-Caspian species. Journal of Great Lakes Research 35:224–231.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chipps, S. R., and B. D. S. Graeb. 2011. Feeding ecology and energetics. Pages 303–319 in B. A. Barton, editor. Biology, management, and culture of Walleye and Sauger. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
   Google Scholar
• Chotkowski, M. A., and J. E. Marsden. 1999. Round Goby and Mottled Sculpin predation on Lake Trout eggs: field predictions from laboratory experiments. Journal of Great Lakes Research 25:26–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cucherousset, J., and J. D. Olden. 2011. Ecological impacts of nonnative freshwater fishes. Fisheries 36:215–230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietrich, J. P., B. J. Morrison, and J. A. Hoyle. 2006. Alternative ecological pathways in the eastern Lake Ontario food web: Round Goby in the diet of Lake Trout. Journal of Great Lakes Research 32:395–400.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fielder, D. G., and M. V. Thomas. 2006. Fish population dynamics of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron 1998–2004. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Research Report 2083, Ann Arbor.
   Google Scholar
• Forney, J. L. 1974. Interactions between Yellow Perch abundance, Walleye predation, and survival of alternate prey in Oneida Lake, New York. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 103:15–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• France, R. 1995. Differentiation between littoral and pelagic food webs in lakes using stable carbon isotopes. Limnology and Oceanography 40:1310–1313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey, A. P., M. A. Bozek, C. J. Edwards, and S. P. Newman. 2003. Diet overlap and predation between Smallmouth Bass and Walleye in a north temperate lake. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 18:43–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuiman, L. A., and A. E. Magurran. 1994. Development of predator defenses in fishes. Reviews of Fish Biology and Fisheries 4:145–183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanchin, P. A., R. D. Clark, R. N. Lockwood, and N. A. Godby. 2005. The fish community and fishery of Crooked and Pickerel lakes, Emmet County, Michigan, with emphasis on Walleyes and Northern Pike. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Special Report 34, Ann Arbor.
   Google Scholar
• He, J. X., J. R. Bence, C. P. Madenjian, S. A. Pothoven, N. E. Dobiesz, D. G. Fielder, J. E. Johnson, M. P. Ebener, R. A. Cottrill, L. C. Mohr, and S. R. Koproski. 2015. Coupling age-structured stock assessment and fish bioenergetics models: a system of time-varying models for quantifying piscivory patterns during the rapid trophic shift in the main basin of Lake Huron. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72:7–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbst, S. J., J. E. Marsden, and B. F. Lantry. 2013. Lake Whitefish diet, condition, and energy density in Lake Champlain and the lower four Great Lakes following dreissenid invasions. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 142:388–398.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hobson, K. A., A. Ofukany, D. X. Soto, and L. I. Wassenaar. 2012. An isotopic baseline (δ13C, δ15N) for fishes of Lake Winnipeg: implications for investigating impacts of eutrophication and invasive species. Journal of Great Lakes Research 38:58–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holeck, K. T., E. L. Mills, H. J. MacIsaac, M. R. Dochoda, R. I. Colautti, and A. Ricciardi. 2004. Bridging troubled waters: understanding links between biological invasions, transoceanic shipping, and other entry vectors in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Bioscience 54:919–929.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, A. L., R. Inger, A. C. Parnell, and S. Bearhop. 2011. Comparing isotopic niche widths among and within communities: SIBER (Stable Isotope Bayesian Ellipses in R). Journal of Animal Ecology 80:595–602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, M. C., I. Donohue, A. L. Jackson, J. R. Britton, D. M. Harper, and J. Grey. 2012. Population-level metrics of trophic structure based on stable isotopes and their application to invasion ecology. PLoS (Public Library of Science) ONE [online serial] 7:e31757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, F. H., and J. G. Hale. 1977. Interrelations between Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in four northeastern Minnesota lakes, 1948–69. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 34:1626–1632.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, T. B., D. B. Bunnell, and C. T. Knight. 2005. A potential new energy pathway in central Lake Erie: the Round Goby connection. Journal of Great Lakes Research 31:238–251.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, M. S., J. P. Goettl, and S. A. Flickinger. 1994. Changes in Walleye food habits and growth following a Rainbow Smelt introduction. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 14:409–414.
   Google Scholar
• Kaemingk, M. A., T. L. Galarowicz, J. A. Clevenger, D. A. Clapp, and H. L. Lenon. 2012. Fish assemblage shifts and population dynamics of Smallmouth Bass in the Beaver Archipelago, northern Lake Michigan: a comparison between historical and recent time periods amidst ecosystem changes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 141:550–559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kornis, M. S., N. Mercado-Silva, and M. J. Vander Zanden. 2012. Twenty years of invasion: a review of Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus biology, spread and ecological implications. Journal of Fish Biology 80:235–285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kornis, M. S., S. Sharma, and M. J. Vander Zanden. 2013. Invasion success and impact of an invasive fish, Round Goby, in Great Lakes tributaries. Diversity and Distributions 19:184–198.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krueger, D. M., and T. R. Hrabik. 2005. Food web alteration that promote native species: the recovery of Cisco Coregonus artedi populations through management of native piscivores. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:2177–2188.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Layman, C. A., D. A. Arrington, C. G. Montana, and D. M. Post. 2007. Can stable isotope ratios provide for community-wide measures of trophic structure? Ecology 88:42–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lumb, C. E., T. B. Johnson, H. A. Cook, and J. A. Hoyle. 2007. Comparison of Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis growth, condition, and energy density between Lakes Erie and Ontario. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:314–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madenjian, C. P., M. A. Stapanian, L. D. Witzel, D. W. Einhouse, S. A. Pothoven, and H. L. Whitford. 2011. Evidence for predatory control of the invasive Round Goby. Biological Invasions 13:987–1002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madenjian, C. P., R. O'Gorman, D. B. Bunnell, R. L. Argyle, E. F. Roseman, D. M. Warner, J. D. Stockwell, and M. A. Stapanian. 2013. Adverse effects of Alewives on Laurentian Great Lakes fish communities. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 28:263–282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercado-Silva, N., G. G. Sass, B. M. Roth, S. Gilbert, and M. J. Vander Zanden. 2007. Impact of Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax invasion on Walleye Sander vitreus recruitment in Wisconsin lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64:1543–1550.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minagawa, M., and E. Wada. 1984. Stepwise enrichment of δ 15N along food chains: further evidence and the relation between δ15N and animal age. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 48:1135–1140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mittelbach, G. G., and L. Persson. 1998. The ontogeny of piscivory and its ecological consequences. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:1454–1465.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overman, N. C., and D. L. Parrish. 2001. Stable isotope composition of Walleye: δ 15N accumulation with age and area-specific differences in δ13C. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58:1253–1260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perga, M. E., and D. Gerdeaux. 2004. Changes in the δ13C of pelagic food webs: the influence of lake area and trophic status on the isotopic signature of Whitefish Coregonus lavaretus. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61:1485–1492.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Post, D. M. 2002. Using stable isotopes to estimate trophic position: models, methods, and assumptions. Ecology 83:703–718.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pothoven, S. A., and C. P. Madenjian. 2008. Changes in consumption by Alewives and Lake Whitefish after dreissenid mussel invasions in Lakes Michigan and Huron. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 28:308–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pothoven, S. A., and C. P. Madenjian. 2013. Increased piscivory by Lake Whitefish in Lake Huron. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 33:1194–1202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pothoven, S. A., and T. F. Nalepa. 2006. Feeding ecology of Lake Whitefish in Lake Huron. Journal of Great Lakes Research 32:489–501.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Development Core Team. 2012. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.
   Google Scholar
• Reyjol, Y., P. Brodeur, Y. Mailhot, M. Mingelbier, and P. Dumont. 2010. Do native predators feed on non-native prey? The case of Round Goby in a fluvial piscivorous fish assemblage. Journal of Great Lakes Research 36:618–624.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roell, M. J., and D. J. Orth. 1993. Trophic basis of production of stream-dwelling Smallmouth Bass, Rock Bass, and Flathead Catfish in relation to invertebrate bait harvest. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 122:46–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roseman, E. F., J. S. Schaeffer, E. Bright, and D. G. Fielder. 2014. Angler-caught piscivores diets reflect fish community changes in Lake Huron. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 143:1419–1433.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth, B. M., T. R. Hrabik, C. T. Solomon, N. Mercado-Silva, and J. F. Kitchell. 2010. A simulation of food-web interactions leading to Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax dominance in Sparkling Lake, Wisconsin. Journal of Fish Biology 77:1379–1405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinhart, G. B., R. A. Stein, and E. A. Marschall. 2004. High growth rate of young-of-the-year Smallmouth Bass in Lake Erie: a result of the Round Goby invasion? Journal of Great Lakes Research 30:381–389.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strakosh, T. R., and C. C. Krueger. 2005. Behavior of post emergent Lake Trout fry in the presence of the Alewife, a non-native predator. Journal of Great Lakes Research 31:296–305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vander Zanden, M. J., and J. D. Olden. 2008. A management framework for preventing the secondary spread of aquatic invasive species. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65:1512–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vander Zanden, M. J., and J. B. Rasmussen. 1999. Stable isotope evidence for the food web consequences of species invasions in lakes. Nature 401:464–467.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vander Zanden, M. J., and J. B. Rasmussen. 2001. Variation in δ15N and δ13C trophic fractionation: implications for aquatic food web studies. Limnology and Oceanography 46:2061–2066.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanderploeg, H. A., T. F. Nalepa, D. J. Jude, E. L. Mills, K. T. Holeck, J. R. Liebig, I. A. Grigorovich, and H. Ojaveer. 2002. Dispersal and emerging ecological impacts of Ponto-Caspian species in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59:1209–1228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warburton, K., S. Retif, and D. Hume. 1998. Generalists as sequential specialists: diets and prey switching in juvenile Silver Perch. Environmental Biology of Fishes 51:445–454.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wuellner, M. R., S. R. Chipps, D. W. Willis, and W. E. Adams. 2010. Interactions between Walleyes and Smallmouth Bass in a Missouri River Reservoir with consideration of the influence of temperature and prey. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 30:445–463.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar