- Ray E. McKerrow, “Rhetorical Validity: An Analysis of Three Perspectives on the Justification of Rhetorical Argument,” Journal of the American Forensic Association, 13 (1977), 141.
- The term is Douglas Ehninger's: “Argument as Method: Its Nature, Its Limitations, and Its Uses,” Speech Monographs, 37 (1970), 109; McKerrow, p. 138.
- McKerrow, pp. 138–139.
- McKerrow, p. 135.
- Jürgen Habermas, “What Is Universal Pragmatics?” Communication and the Evolution of Society, tr. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon Press, 1979), p. 1.
- Noam Chomsky, Aspects of the Theory of Syntax (Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1965), pp. 3–4.
- The term “rational reconstruction” comes from Hans Reichenbach, Experience and Prediction (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1938), pp. 5–7.
- Habermas, “What Is Universal Pragmatics?” p. 26.
- Habermas, “What Is Universal Pragmatics?” pp. 8–14.
- Cf. Charles Taylor, Hegel (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975), pp. 3–50. One could characterize the work of Habermas as a continuation of Hegel's attempt to mediate between a romantic philosophy of language as self-expression and a scientific philosophy of language as objective communication of facts.
- Habermas, “What Is Universal Pragmatics?” pp. 66–68.
- Thomas A. McCarthy, “A Theory of Communicative Competence,” in Paul Connerton, Ed., Critical Sociology (New York: Penguin, 1976), pp. 474–475; cf. Jürgen Habermas, “Towards a Theory of Communicative Competence,” Inquiry, 13 (1970), 360–375.
- Habermas, “What Is Universal Pragmatics?” pp. 63–64.
- Thomas A. McCarthy, The Critical Theory of Jürgen Habermas (Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1978), p. 292.
- Cf. Jürgen Habermas, Theory and Practice, tr. John Viertel (Boston: Beacon Press, 1973), pp. 25–26.
- McCarthy, The Critical Theory of Jürgen Habermas, pp. 306–307.
- McCarthy, “Translator's Introduction,” in Jürgen Habermas, Legitimation Crisis (Boston: Beacon Press, 1975), p. xvii.
- Habermas, “What Is Universal Pragmatics?” p. 41.
- Habermas, Legitimation Crisis, p. 2.
- Habermas, “Systematically Distorted Communication,” Inquiry, 13 (1970), 205–218.
- Cf. Jürgen Habermas, Knowledge and Human Interests, tr. Jeremy J. Shapiro (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971), pp. 214–245.
- Alvin W. Gouldner summarizes the social requirements for the existence of Habermas' ideal speech situation as follows: 1) No violence, 2) Permeable boundaries between public and private speech, 3) Allowance of traditional symbols and rules of discourse to be made problematic, and 4) Insistence upon equal opportunities to speak. The Dialectic of Ideology and Technology (New York: Seabury, 1976), p. 142.
- McKerrow, p. 140.
- McKerrow, pp. 140–141.
- McKerrow, p. 141.
- McCarthy, The Critical Theory of Jürgen Habermas, p. 358; cf. Habermas, Legitimation Crisis, p. 23.
- Herbert Marcuse's compelling analysis of the co-optation of progressive movements by the system in which they are embedded is an earlier version of the dialectical theory of communication which Habermas employs. Cf. Marcuse, “Repressive Tolerance,” in Critique of Pure Tolerance (Boston: Beacon Press, 1965), pp. 83–84. Habermas' description of the three worlds to which communication may refer seems related to Marcuse's account of linguistic meaning in One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (Boston: Beacon Press, 1964), pp. 196–197.
- Herbert Marcuse, “The Foundation of Historical Materialism,” Studies in Critical Philosophy, tr. Joris de Bres (Boston: Beacon Press, 1973), p. 14.
- Karl Marx, “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts,” Early Writings, tr. Rodney Livingstone and Gregor Benton (New York: Vintage, 1975), pp. 326ff.
- Paul Newell Campbell, “A Rhetorical View of Locutionary, Illocutionary, and Perlocutionary Acts,” Quarterly Journal of Speech, 59 (October 1973), 284–296.
- James M. Edie, Speaking and Meaning: The Phenomenology of Language (Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1976), pp. 151–194.
- Gouldner, p. 147.
- Gouldner, p. 143.
- Hegel, Lectures on the Philosophy of History, cited in Herbert Marcuse, “On Hedonism,” Negations, tr. Jeremy J. Shapiro (Boston: Beacon Press, 1968), p. 196.
- Jürgen Habermas, “Toward a Reconstruction of Historical Materialism,” Communication and the Evolution of Society, pp. 130–177.
- Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man, p. 220.
- Habermas, “Toward a Reconstruction of Historical Materialism,” pp. 138–148.
- Thomas B. Farrella “Validity and Rationality: The Rhetorical Constituents of Argumentative Form,” Journal of the American Forensic Association, 13 (1977), 143–145.
- Farrell, p. 144.
The Journal of the American Forensic Association
Volume 16, 1979 - Issue 2