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Environmental Analysis

Evaluation of a Freeze-Concentration Technique for Enrichment of Natural Organic Substances in Water

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Pages 1035-1045 | Received 17 Dec 1990, Accepted 07 Mar 1991, Published online: 23 Oct 2006

References

  • Baker , R. A. 1967a . Trace organic contaminant concentrations by freezing-1. Low inorganic aqueous solutions . Water Res. Research , 1 : 61 – 77 .
  • Baker , R. A. 1967b . Trace organic contaminant concentrations by freezing-11. Inorganic aqueous solutions . Water Res. Research , 1 : 97 – 113 .
  • Baker , R. A. 1969 . Trace organic contaminant concentration by freezing-111. Ice washing . Water Res. Research , 3 : 717 – 730 .
  • Shapiro , J. 1961 . Freezing out, a safe technique for concentration of dilute solutions . Science N. Y. , 133 : 2063 – 2064 .
  • Kobayashi , S. and Lee , G. F. 1964 . Freeze concentration of dilute aqueous solutions . Analytical Chem. , 36 : 2197 – 2198 .
  • Kammerer , P. A. and Lee , G. F. 1969 . Freeze concentration of organic compounds in dilute aqueous solution . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 3 ( 3 ) : 276 – 278 .
  • Halde , R. 1979 . Concentration of impurities by progressive freezing . Water Res. Research , 14 : 575 – 580 .

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