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Original Articles

University mathematics at the turn of the century unpublished recollections of W. H. Young

Pages 369-384 | Published online: 23 Aug 2006

  • There is no adequate bibliography of Young's writings, but some are listed in the obituary by Hardy G.H. William Henry Young J. Lond. Math. Soc. 1942 17 1 218 237 =Obit. Nat. Fellows Roy. Soc., 1943, 4, 307–323.
  • Joint authorship applies also to two books: The First Book of Geometry London 1905 and The Theory of Sets of Points (Cambridge, 1906). A reprint of this latter volume is planned, for which I have prepared an appendix on Mrs. Young's plans for an (abortive) second edition. The reprint will be published by the Chelsea Publishing Company.
  • See Cartwright M.L. Grace Chisholm Young J. Lond. Math. Soc. 1944 19 1 185 192
  • The story is told in my A mathematical union: William Henry and Grace Chisholm Young Ann. Sci. 1972 29 (forthcoming). The papers are kept by their eldest daughter, Dr. R. C. H. Tanner, 13, Boundary Road, Wallington, Surrey, England.
  • See Mittag-Leffler G. Sophie Kovalevsky. Notice biographique Acta Math. 1892 16 385 392
  • Young , W.H. 1897–98 . On systems of one-vectors in space of n dimensions . Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. , 29 ( 1 ) : 478 – 487 .
  • Schönflies , A. 1898–1904 . Mengenlehre . Enc. der Math. Wiss., Arith. und Anal. , 1 : 185 – 207 . pt. 1
  • Influential also on the Youngs was Schönflies's Die Entwicklung der Lehre von der Punktmannigfaltigkeiten Jber. dtsch. Math.-Ver. 1900 8 pt. 2
  • See especially his On the general theory of integration Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, (A) 1905 204 221 252 read 19 May 1904. Whilst writing this paper Young encountered Lebesgue's work and incorporated some remarks on it. They do not appear to have been in personal contact at this time.
  • Unpublished note by Mrs. Young; quoted in sect. 11 of my forthcoming article A mathematical union: William Henry and Grace Chisholm Young Ann. Sci. 1972 29
  • For interesting recollections of the situation at Cambridge around the time when the Youngs were students there, see Forsyth A.R. Old Tripos Days at Cambridge Math. Gaz. 1935 19 162 179
  • This is a reference to Philippa Fawcett, who was placed ‘above the Senior Wrangler’ in 1891. For Mrs. Young's reminiscences of the occasion, see sect. 3 of my forthcoming article A mathematical union: William Henry and Grace Chisholm Young Ann. Sci. 1972 29
  • These are quoted in extenso in sects. 5 and 6 of my forthcoming article A mathematical union: William Henry and Grace Chisholm Young Ann. Sci. 1972 29
  • Ernst Ritter (1857–1895); see Klein's obituary in Jber. dtsch. Math.-Ver. 1894–95 4 52 54
  • See especially Helmholtz's Über Integrale der hydrodynamischen Gleichungen, … J. rei. ang. Math. 1858 55 25 55 and ‘Über discontinuirliche Flüssigkeitsbewegungen’, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1868, 215–228 (Wissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, vol. 1, pp. 101–134 and pp. 146–157; reprinted in Ostwald's Klassiker, vol. 79, Leipzig, 1896).
  • Schwarz , K.H.A. 1873 . Ueber diojenigen Falle, in welchen die Gaussische hypergeometrische Reihe … . J. rei. ang. Math. , 75 : 292 – 335 . (Gesammelte mathematische Abhandlungen, vol. i, pp. 211–259).
  • Study , E. 1893 . Sphärische Trigonometrie, orthogonale Substitionen und elliptische Funktionen . Abh. math.-phys. Kl. Königl. Sächs. Gesell. Leipzig , 20 ( 2 )
  • Chisholm , G. 1895 . Algebraisch-gruppentheoretische Untersuchungen zur sphärischen Trigonometrie Göttingen The work belonged to Klein's development of group theory, and was praised by him in his Elementary mathematics from an advanced standpoint (trans. E. R. Hedrick and C. A. Noble), vol. i, London, 1932, pp. 179–181.
  • Hattendorff , K. , ed. 1882 . Partielle Differentialgleichungen und deren Andwendung auf physikalische Fragen … , 3rd edition Braunschweig
  • Peano , G. 1890 . Sur une courbe, qui remplit toute une aire plane . Math. Ann. , 36 : 157 – 160 . (Opere scelte, vol. i, pp. 110–114). Doubtless they also discussed Hilbert's ‘Über die stetige Abbildung einer Linie auf ein Flächenstück’, Math. Ann., 1891, 38, 359–360 (Gesammelte Abhandlungen, vol. iii, pp. 1–2).
  • For a photograph of this Society taken in 1902, including Klein and Mrs. Young, see Reid C. Hilbert Berlin 1970 228 228
  • Hilbert's work was printed in a series of papers in the Nachrichten of the Göttingen Academy and collectively as Grundzüge einer allgemeinen Theorie der Linearen Integralgleichungen Leipzig and Berlin 1912
  • Possé , C. 1910 . Rapport sur l'enseignement mathématique …… en Russie St. Peterburg This is one of the International Commission pamphlets mentioned in footnote 13.

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