A population-based, case-control study of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis

REFERENCES

• Allan, J. C, Avila, G., Garcia-Noval, J., Flisser, A. & Craig, P. S. (1990). Immunodiagnosis of taeniasis by coproantigen detection. Parasitology, 101, 473 477.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allan, J. C., Craig, P. S., Garcia-Noval, J., Mencos, F., Liu, D., Wang, Y., Wen, H., Zhou, P., Stringer, R., Rogan, M. & Zeyhle, E. (1992). Coproantigen detection for immunodiagnosis of echinococcosis and taeniasis in dogs and humans. Parasitology, 104, 347–355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allan, J. C., Velasquez-Tohom, M., Garcia-Noval, J., Torres-Alvarez, R., Yurrita, P., Fletes, C., de Mata, F., de Soto, A. H. & Craig, P. S. (1996a). Epidemiology of intestinal taeniasis in four rural Guatemalan communities. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 90, 157–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allan, J. C., Velasquez-Tohom, M., Torres-Alvarez, R., Yurrita, P. & Garcia-Noval, J. (1996b). Field trial of the coproantigen-based diagnosis of Taenia solium by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 54, 352–356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allan, J. C., Velasquez-Tohom, M., Fletes, C., Torres-Alvarez, R., Lopez-Viruela, G., Yurrita, P., de Soto, A. H, Rivera, A. & Garcia-Noval, J. (1997). Mass chemotherapy for intestinal Taenia solium infection: effect in prevalence in humans and pigs. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 91, 595–598.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anon. (1981). Proposal for revised clinical and electroencephalographic classification of epileptic seizures. Epilepsia, 22, 489–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anon. (1989). Proposal for revised classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes. Epilepsia, 30, 389–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz, I., Cruz, M., Teran, W., Sahantz, P., Tsang, V. & Barry, M. (1994). Human subcutaneous Taenia solium cysticercosis in an Andean population with neurocysticercosis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 51, 405–407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cruz, M., Davis, A., Dixon, H, Pawlowsky, Z. S. & Proaño, J. (1989). Operational studies on the control of Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in Ecuador. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 67, 401–107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniel, W. W. (1995). Biostatistics: a Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences, 6th Edn. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Diaz-Camacho, S., Candil Ruiz, A., Suate Peraza, V., Zazueta, Ramos, M. L., Medina, M. F., Lozano, R. & Willms, K. (1991). Epidemiologic study and control of Taenia solium infections with praziquantel in a rural village praziquantel in a rural village of Mexico. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 45, 522–531.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia, H. H., Martinez, M., Gilman, R., Herrera, G., Tsang, V. C. W., Pilcher, J. B., Diaz, F., Verastegui, M., Gallo, C., Porras, M., Alvarado, M., Naranjo, J., Miranda, E. & The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru (1991). Diagnosis of cysticercosis in endemic regions. Lancet, ii, 549–551.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, H. H., Gilman, R., Martinez, M., Tsang, V. C., Pilcher, J. B., Herrera, G., Diaz, F., Alvarado, M., Miranda, E. & The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru (Cwg) (1993). Cysticercosis as a major cause of epilepsy in Peru. Lancet, i, 197–200.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, H. H., Herrera, G., Gilman, R. H., Tsang, V. C. W., Pilci II: R, J. B., Diaz, J. F., Candy, E. J., Miranda, E., Naranjo, J. & The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru (1994). Discrepancies between cerebral computed tomography and western blot in the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 50, 152–157.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, H. H., Gilman, R. H., Tovar, M. A., Flores, E., Jo, R., Tsang, V. C. W., Diaz, F., Torres, P., Miranda, E. & The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru (1995). Factors associated with Taenia solium cysticercosis: analysis of nine hundred forty-six Peruvian neurologic patients. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 52, 145–148.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, H. H., Gilman, R. H., Tsang, V. C. W., Gonzales, A. E. & The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru (1997). Clinical significance of neurocysticercosis in endemic villages. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 91, 176–178.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia, H. H., Harrison, L. J. S., Parkhouse, R. M. E., Montenegro, T., Martinez, S. M., Tsang, V. C. W., Gilman, R. & The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru (1998). A specific antigen-detection ELISA for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 92, 411–414.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia-Noval, J., Allan, J. C., Fletes, C., Moreno, E., de Mata, F., Torres-Alvarez, R., de Alfaro, H. S., Yurrita, P., Higueros-Morales, H., Mencos, F. & Craig, P. S. (1996). Epidemiology of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in two rural Guatemalan communities. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 55, 282–289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldsmith, P. & de Bittencourt, P. R. M. (1995). Epileptogenesis in neurocysticercosis: a review. In Recent Advances in Tropical Neurology, ed. Rose, F. C. pp. 131–140. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
   Google Scholar
• Jafri, H. S., Torrico, F., Non, J. C., Bryan, R. T., Balderrama, F, Pilcher, J. B. & Tsang, V. C. W. (1998). Application of the enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot to filter paper blood spots to estimate seroprevalence of cysticercosis in Bolivia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 58, 313–315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd, S. (1998). Cysticercosis and taeniosis: Taenia saginata, Taenia solium and Asian Taenia. In Zoonoses: Biology, Clinical Practice and Public Health Control, eds Palmer, S. R., Soulsby, Lord & Simpson, D. I. H. pp. 635–649. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Melvin, D. & Brooke, M. (1985). Laboratory Procedures for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasites, 3rd Edn. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control.
   Google Scholar
• Moro, P. L., Guevara, A., Verastegui, M., Gilman, R. H., Poma, H., Tapia, B., Tsang, V. C. W., Garcia, H. H., Pacheco, R., Lapel, C., Miranda, E. & The Cysticercosis Working Group In Peru (1994). Distribution of hydatidosis and cysticercosis in different Peruvian populations as demonstrated by an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 51, 851–855.
   Google Scholar
• Palacio, G., Tobon, M. E., Mora, O., Sanchez, J. L., Jimenez, M., Munoz, A., Pineda, D., Villa, A., Londono, A., Buritica, O., Diaz, H., Acebedo, S., Giraldo, M., Canasteros, I., Tobon, N., Gomez, M. E., Arana, U., Uribe, C. S., Tsang, V., Pilcher, J., Ahn, L., Rodriguez, M., Hurtado, A., Ceballos, F. & Jimenez, I. (1997). Prevalencia de cisticercosis en individuos afectados por epilepsia. Revista de Neurologia, 25, 1406–1410.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ritchie, L. S. (1948). An ether sedimentation technique for routine stool examination. Bulletin of the United States Army Medical Department, 8, 326.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roberts, T., Murrell, K. D. & Marks, S. (1994). Economic losses caused by foodbome parasitic diseases. Parasitology Today, 10, 419–423.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sakai, H., Sone, M., Castro, D. M., Nonaka, N., Quan, D., Canales, M., Ljungström, I. & Sánchez, A. L. (1998). Seroprevalence of Taenia solium in pigs in a rural community of Honduras. Veterinary Parasitology, 78, 233–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez, A. L., Gomez, O. D., Allebeck, P., Cosenza, H. & Ljungström, I. (1997). Epidemiological study of Taenia solium infections in a rural village in Honduras. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 91, 163–171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez, A. L., Medina, M. T. & Ljungström, I. (1998). Prevalence of taeniasis and cysticercosis in a population of urban residence in Honduras. Ada Tropica, 69, 141–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarti, E., Schantz, P. M., Plancarte, A., Wilson, M., Gutierrez, I. O., Lopez, A. S., Roberts, J. & Fusser, A. (1992). Prevalence and risk factors for Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans and pigs in a village in Morelos, Mexico. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 46, 677–685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarti, E., Schantz, P. M., Plancarte, A., Wilson, M., Gutierrez, I. O., Aguilera, J., Roberts, J. & Flisser, A. (1994). Epidemiological investigation of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in a rural village of Michoacan State, Mexico. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 88, 49–52.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schantz, P. M., Sarti, E., Plancarte, A., Wilson, M., Criales, J. L., Roberts, J. & Flisser, A. (1994). Community-based epidemiological investigations of cysticercosis due to T. solium: comparison of serological screening tests and clinical findings in two populations in Mexico. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 18, 879–885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schantz, P. M., Wilson, M. & Tsang, V. C. W. (1995). Immunodiagnosis of Taenia solium cysticercosis and taeniosis: the current state of the art. In Recent Advances in Tropical Neurology, ed. Rose, F. C. pp. 141–153. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
   Google Scholar
• Sotelo, J., Guerrero, V. & Rubio, F. (1985). Neurocysticercosis: a new classification based on active and inactive forms. A study of 753 cases. Archives of Internal Medicine, 145, 442–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sousa, A. de Q., Sa, H. L. C., Queiroz, T. R. B. S., Horta, W. G. & Pearson, R. D. (1998). Neurocysticercosis in Ceara State, northeastern Brazil: a review of 119 cases. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 58, 759–762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsang, V. C. W. & Wilson, M. (1995). Taenia solium cysticercosis: an under recognized but serious public health problem. Parasitology Today, 11, 124–126.
   Google Scholar
• Tsang, V. C. W., Brand, J. A. & Boyer, A. E. (1989). An enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay and glycoprotein antigens for diagnosing human cysticercosis (Taenia solium). Journal of Infectious Diseases, 159, 50–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, M., Bryan, R. T., Fried, J. A., Ware, D. A, Schantz, P. M., Pilcher, J. B. & Tsang, V. C. W. (1991). Clinicál evaluation of the cysticercosis enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot in patients with neurocysticercosis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 164, 1007–1009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar