75
Views
23
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Exhaled Nitric Oxide: A Novel Biomarker of Adverse Respiratory Health Effects in Epidemiological Studies

, , , , &
Pages 418-423 | Received 16 May 1999, Accepted 29 Mar 2000, Published online: 05 Apr 2010

References

  • Committee of the Environmental and Occupational Health Assembly of the American Thoracic Society: health effects of outdoor air pollution. 1996 . Part 2. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 153 : 477 – 98 .
  • Air pollution and allergic disease. 1995 . Report of a working party of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology. . Clin Exp Allergy , 25 ( suppl 3 ) : 1 – 72 .
  • Schwartz , J. 1993 . Particulate air pollution and chronic respiratory disease. . Environ Res , 62 : 7 – 13 .
  • Ishizaki , T. , Koizumi , K. Ikemori , R. 1987 . Studies of prevalence of Japanese cedar pollinosis among the residents in a densely cultivated area. . Ann Allergy , 58 : 265 – 70 .
  • Oosterlee , A. , Drijver , M. Lebret , E. 1996 . Chronic respiratory symptoms in children and adults living along streets with high traffic density. . Occup Environ Med , 53 : 241 – 47 .
  • Brunekreef , B. , Janssen , N. A. de Hartog , J. 1997 . Air pollution from truck traffic and lung function in children living near motorways. . Epidemiology , 8 : 298 – 303 .
  • Nitta , H. , Sato , T. Nakai , S. 1993 . Respiratory health associated with exposure to automobile exhaust. I. Results of cross‐sectional studies in 1979, 1982, and 1983. . Arch Environ Health , 48 : 53 – 58 .
  • Steerenberg , P. A. , Fischer , P. H. van Bree , L. 1997 . Nasal lavage biomarkers in air pollution epidemiology. . Arch Toxicol Suppl , 19 : 207 – 16 .
  • Steerenberg , P. A. , Fischer , P. H. Gmelig Meyling , F. 1996 . Nasal lavage as tool for health effect assessment of photochemical air pollution. . Hum Exp Toxicol , 15 : 111 – 119 .
  • Steerenberg , P. A. , Fischer , P. H. Meyling , G. F. 1995 . Biomarkers in nasal lavage as a tool for the assessment of health effects of photochemical air pollution. A feasibility study with volunteers. . Exp Toxicol Pathol , 47 : 232 – 234 .
  • Graham , D. E. and Koren , H. S. 1990 . Biomarkers of inflammation in ozone‐exposed humans. Comparison of the nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage. . Am Rev Respir Dis , 142 : 152 – 56 .
  • Frischer , T. M. , Kuehr , J. Pullwitt , A. 1993 . Ambient ozone causes upper airways inflammation in children. . Am Rev Respir Dis , 148 : 961 – 64 .
  • Moncada , S. , Palmer , R. M. and Higgs , E. A. 1991 . Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. . Pharmacol Rev , 43 : 109 – 42 .
  • Barnes , P. J. 1996 . NO or no NO in asthma? . Thorax , 51 : 218 – 20 .
  • Barnes , P. J. and Liew , F. Y. 1995 . Nitric oxide and asthmatic inflammation. . Immunol Today , 16 : 128 – 30 .
  • Ding , A. H. , Nathan , C. F. and Stuehr , D. J. 1988 . Release of reactive nitrogen intermediates and reactive oxygen intermediates from mouse peritoneal macrophages. Comparison of activating cytokines and evidence for independent production. . J Immunol , 141 : 2407 – 412 .
  • Suschek , C. , Fehsei , K. Kroncke , K. D. 1994 . Primary cultures of rat islet capillary endothelial cells. Constitutive and cytokine‐inducible macrophagelike nitric oxide synthases are expressed and activities regulated by glucose concentration. . Am J Pathol , 145 : 685 – 95 .
  • Ding , A. , Nathan , C. F. Graycar , J. 1990 . Macrophage deactivating factor and transforming growth factors‐beta 1, ‐beta 2, and ‐beta 3 inhibit induction of macrophage nitrogen oxide synthesis by IFN‐gamma. . J Immunol , 145 : 940 – 44 .
  • Bogdan , C. , Vodovotz , Y. Paik , J. 1994 . Mechanism of suppression of nitric oxide synthase expression by interleukin‐4 in primary mouse macrophages. . J Leukoc Biol , 55 : 227 – 33 .
  • Yates , D. H. , Kharitonov , S. A. Thomas , P. S. 1996 . Endogenous nitric oxide is decreased in asthmatic patients by an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 154 : 247 – 50 .
  • Gustafsson , L. E. 1998 . Exhaled nitric oxide as a marker in asthma. . Eur Respir J Suppl , 26 : 49S – 52S .
  • Curran , A. D. 1996 . The role of nitric oxide in the development of asthma. . Int Arch Allergy Immunol , 111 : 1 – 4 .
  • Steerenberg , P. A. , van Amsterdam , J. G. C. vanden Briel , R. J. 1999 . Environmental life style factors may act in concert to increase the prevalence of allergy including asthma. . Clin Exp Allergy , 29 : 1304 – 08 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. and Barnes , P. J. 1996 . Nitric oxide in exhaled air is a new marker of airway inflammation. . Monaldi Arch Chest Dis , 51 : 533 – 37 .
  • Steerenberg , P. A. , Snelder , J. B. Fischer , P. 1999 . Increased exhaled nitric oxide (NO) on days with high outdoor air pollution is of endogenous origin. . Eur Respir J , 13 : 334 – 37 .
  • Lundberg , J. O. , Weitzberg , E. Nordvall , S. L. 1994 . Primarily nasal origin of exhaled nitric oxide and absence in Kartageners syndrome. . Eur Respir J , 7 : 1501 – 04 .
  • Byrnes , C. A. , Dinarevic , S. Shinebourne , E. A. 1997 . Exhaled nitric oxide measurements in normal and asthmatic children. . Pediatr Pulmonol , 24 : 312 – 18 .
  • Tracey , W. R. , Xue , C. Klinghofer , V. 1994 . Immunochemical detection of inducible NO synthase in human lung. . Am J Physiol , 266 : L722 – 27 .
  • Lundberg , J. O. , Lundberg , J. M. Alving , K. 1997 . Nitric oxide and inflammation: the answer is blowing in the wind. . Nat Med , 3 : 30 – 31 .
  • Gerlach , H. , Rossaint , R. Pappert , D. 1994 . Autoinhalation of nitric oxide after endogenous synthesis in nasopharynx. . Lancet , 343 : 518 – 19 .
  • Silkoff , P. E. , McClean , P. A. Slutsky , A. S. 1997 . Marked flow‐dependence of exhaled nitric oxide using a new technique to exclude nasal nitric oxide. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 155 : 260 – 67 .
  • Gustafsson , L. E. , Leone , A. M. Persson , M. G. 1991 . Endogenous nitric oxide is present in the exhaled air of rabbits, guinea pigs and humans. . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 181 : 852 – 57 .
  • Dillon , W. C. , Hampl , V. Shultz , P. J. 1996 . Origins of breath nitric oxide in humans. . Chest , 110 : 930 – 38 .
  • Leone , A. M. , Gustafsson , L. E. Francis , P. L. 1994 . Nitric oxide is present in exhaled breath in humans: direct GC‐MS confirmation. . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 201 : 883 – 87 .
  • Tsujino , I. , Miyamoto , K. Nishimura , M. 1996 . Production of nitric oxide (NO) in intrathoracic airways of normal humans. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 154 : 1370 – 74 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Yates , D. Springall , D. R. 1995 . Exhaled nitric oxide is increased in asthma. . Chest , 107 : 156S – 157S .
  • Hamid , Q. , Springall , D. R. Riveras Moreno , V. 1993 . Induction of nitric oxide synthase in asthma. . Lancet , 342 : 1510 – 13 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Yates , D. Robbins , R. A. 1994 . Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air of asthmatic patients. . Lancet , 343 : 133 – 35 .
  • Lundberg , J. O. , Nordvall , S. L. Weitzberg , E. 1996 . Exhaled nitric oxide in paediatric asthma and cystic fibrosis. . Arch Dis Child , 75 : 323 – 26 .
  • Massaro , A. F. , Gaston , B. Kita , D. 1995 . Expired nitric oxide levels during treatment of acute asthma. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 152 : 800 – 03 .
  • Persson , M. G. , Zetterstrom , O. Agrenius , V. 1994 . Single‐breath nitric oxide measurements in asthmatic patients and smokers. . Lancet , 343 : 146 – 47 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Yates , D. and Barnes , P. J. 1995 . Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air of normal human subjects with upper respiratory tract infections. . Eur RespirJ , 8 : 295 – 97 .
  • de Gouw , H. W. , Grunberg , K. Schot , R. 1998 . Relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and airway hyperresponsiveness following experimental rhinovirus infection in asthmatic subjects. . Eur Respir J , 11 : 126 – 32 .
  • Henriksen , A. H. , Sue‐Chu , M. Lingaas Holmen , T. 1999 . Exhaled and nasal NO levels in allergic rhinitis: relation to sensitization, pollen season and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. . Eur Respir J , 13 : 301 – 06 .
  • Martin , U. , Bryden , K. Devoy , M. 1996 . Increased levels of exhaled nitric oxide during nasal and oral breathing in subjects with seasonal rhinitis. . J Allergy Clin Immunol , 97 : 768 – 72 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Wells , A. U. O'Connor , B. J. 1995 . Elevated levels of exhaled nitric oxide in bronchiectasis. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 151 : 1889 – 93 .
  • Alving , K. , Weitzberg , E. and Lundberg , J. M. 1993 . Increased amount of nitric oxide in exhaled air of asthmatics. . Eur Respir J , 6 : 1368 – 70 .
  • Yates , D. H. , Kharitonov , S. A. Robbins , R. A. 1995 . Effect of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and a glucocorticosteroid on exhaled nitric oxide. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 152 : 892 – 96 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Yates , D. H. and Barnes , P. J. 1996 . Inhaled glucocorticoids decrease nitric oxide in exhaled air of asthmatic patients. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 153 : 454 – 57 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Yates , D. H. Chung , K. F. 1996 . Changes in the dose of inhaled steroid affect exhaled nitric oxide levels in asthmatic patients. . Eur Respir J , 9 : 196 – 201 .
  • Clini , E. , Bianchi , L. Pagani , M. 1998 . Endogenous nitric oxide in patients with stable COPD: correlates with severity of disease. . Thorax , 53 : 881 – 83 .
  • Rutgers , S. R. , Postma , D. S. Van der Mark , T. W. 1996 . Nitric oxide in exhaled air in COPD. . Eur Respir J , 9 ( suppl. 23 ) : 13s
  • Dotsch , J. , Demirakca , S. Terbrack , H. G. 1996 . Airway nitric oxide in asthmatic children and patients with cystic fibrosis. . Eur Respir J , 9 : 2537 – 40 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Rajakulasingam , K. O'Connor , B. 1997 . Nasal nitric oxide is increased in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis and may be modulated by nasal glucocorticoids. . J Allergy Clin Immunol , 99 : 58 – 64 .
  • Adisesh , L. A. , Kharitonov , S. A. Yates , D. H. 1998 . Exhaled and nasal nitric oxide is increased in laboratory animal allergy. . Clin Exp Allergy , 28 : 876 – 80 .
  • Frank , T. L. , Adisesh , A. Pickering , A. C. 1998 . Relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and childhood asthma. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 158 : 1032 – 36 .
  • Franklin , P. J. , Taplin , R. and Stick , S. M. 1999 . A community study of exhaled nitric oxide in healthy children. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 159 : 69 – 73 .
  • Lanz , M. J. , Leung , D. Y. McCormick , D. R. 1997 . Comparison of exhaled nitric oxide, serum eosinophilic cationic protein, and soluble interleukin‐2 receptor in exacerbations of pediatric asthma. . Pediatr Pulmonol , 24 : 305 – 11 .
  • Di Rosa , M. , Radomski , M. Carnuccio , R. 1990 . Glucocorticoids inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase in macrophages. . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 172 : 1246 – 52 .
  • Barnes , P. J. and Kharitonov , S. A. 1996 . Exhaled nitric oxide: a new lung function test. . Thorax , 51 : 233 – 37 .
  • Robbins , R. A. , Springall , D. R. Warren , J. B. 1994 . Inducible nitric oxide synthase is increased in murine lung epithelial cells by cytokine stimulation. . Biochem Biophys Res Commun , 198 : 835 – 43 .
  • Robbins , R. A. , Floreani , A. A. Von Essen , S. G. 1996 . Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide by three different techniques. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 153 : 1631 – 35 .
  • Maziak , W. , Loukides , S. Culpitt , S. 1998 . Exhaled nitric oxide in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 157 : 998 – 1002 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Robbins , R. A. Yates , D. 1995 . Acute and chronic effects of cigarette smoking on exhaled nitric oxide. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 152 : 609 – 12 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , O'Connor , B. J. Evans , D. J. 1995 . Allergen‐induced late asthmatic reactions are associated with elevation of exhaled nitric oxide. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 151 : 1894 – 99 .
  • Liu , S. F. , Haddad , E. Adcock , I. 1997 . Inducible nitric oxide synthase after sensitization and allergen challenge of Brown Norway rat lung. . Br J Pharmacol , 121 : 1241 – 46 .
  • van Amsterdam , J. G. C. , Hollander , A. Snelder , J. B. 1999 . The effect of air pollution on exhaled NO of atopic and nonatopic subjects. . Nitric Oxide , 3 : 492 – 95 .
  • Baraldi , E. , Azzolin , N. M. Carra , S. 1998 . Effect of topical steroids on nasal nitric oxide production in children with perennial allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. . Respir Med , 92 : 558 – 61 .
  • Arnal , J. F. , Didier , A. Rami , J. 1997 . Nasal nitric oxide is increased in allergic rhinitis. . Clin Exp Allergy , 27 : 358 – 62 .
  • van Amsterdam , J. G. C. , Verlaan , A. P. J. van Loveren , H. 1999 . Air pollution is associated with increased level of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) in non‐smoking healthy subjects. . Arch Environ Health , 54 : 331 – 35 .
  • Corradi , M. , Pelizzoni , A. Majori , M. 1998 . Influence of atmospheric nitric oxide concentration on the measurement of nitric oxide in exhaled air. . Thorax , 53 : 673 – 76 .
  • Piacentini , G. L. , Bodini , A. Vino , L. 1998 . Influence of environmental concentrations of NO on the exhaled NO test. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 158 : 1299 – 1301 .
  • Yates , D. H. , Kharitonov , S. A. Robbins , R. A. 1996 . The effect of alcohol ingestion on exhaled nitric oxide. . Eur Respir J , 9 : 1130 – 33 .
  • Lundberg , J. O. , Weitzberg , E. Lundberg , J. M. 1994 . Intragastric nitric oxide production in humans: measurements in expelled air. . Gut , 35 : 1543 – 46 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Logan Sinclair , R. B. Busset , C. M. 1994 . Peak expiratory nitric oxide differences in men and women: relation to the menstrual cycle. . Br Heart J , 72 : 243 – 45 .
  • Byrnes , C. A. , Dinarevic , S. Busst , C. A. 1997 . Effect of measurement conditions on measured levels of peak exhaled nitric oxide. . Thorax , 52 : 697 – 701 .
  • Therminarias , A. , Flore , P. Favre Juvin , A. 1998 . Air contamination with nitric oxide: effect on exhaled nitric oxide response. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 157 : 791 – 95 .
  • Gomez , F. P. , Martinez RalIi , G. Barbera , J. A. 1998 . Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide in healthy subjects. . Med Clin Bare , 111 : 1 – 5 .
  • Steerenberg , P. A. , Nierkens , S. van Loveren , H. 2000 . A sampling method preventing contamination of exhaled air by ambient NO applicable for epidemiological studies to measure exhaled NO in adults and children. . Nitric Oxide , (in print)
  • Paredi , P. , Loukides , S. Ward , S. 1998 . Exhalation flow and pressure‐controlled reservoir collection of exhaled nitric oxide for remote and delayed analysis. . Thorax , 53 : 775 – 79 .
  • Lundberg , J. O. , Weitzberg , E. Lundberg , J. M. 1996 . Nitric oxide in exhaled air. . Eur Respir J , 9 : 2671 – 80 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Chung , K. F. Evans , D. 1996 . Increased exhaled nitric oxide in asthma is mainly derived from the lower respiratory tract. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med , 153 : 1773 – 80 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. and Barnes , P. J. 1997 . Nasal contribution to exhaled nitric oxide during exhalation against resistance or during breath holding. . Thorax , 52 : 540 – 44 .
  • Persson , M. G. , Lonnqvist , P. A. and Gustafsson , L. E. 1995 . Positive end‐expiratory pressure ventilation elicits increases in endogenously formed nitric oxide as detected in air exhaled by rabbits. . Anesthesiology , 82 : 969 – 74 .
  • Hogman , M. , Stromberg , S. Schedin , U. 1997 . Nitric oxide from the human respiratory tract efficiently quantified by standardized single breath measurements. . Acta Physiol Scand , 159 : 345 – 46 .
  • Persson , M. G. , Wiklund , N. P. and Gustafsson , L. E. 1993 . Endogenous nitric oxide in single exhalations and the change during exercise. . Am Rev Respir Dis , 148 : 1210 – 14 .
  • Kharitonov , S. A. , Alving , K. and Barnes , P. J. 1997 . Exhaled and nasal nitric oxide measurements: recommendations. The European Respiratory Society Task Force. . Eur Respir J , 10 : 1683 – 93 .
  • van der Mark , T. W. , Kort , E. Meijer , R. J. 1997 . Water vapour and carbon dioxide decrease nitric oxide readings. . Eur Respir J , 10 : 2120 – 23 .
  • van Amsterdam , J. G. C. , Verlaan , A. P. J. van Loveren , H. 1999 . The balloon technique: a rapid and simple method to measure exhaled NO in epidemiological studies. . Int Arch Occupational Health , 72 : 404 – 07 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.