Advanced search
Publication Cover
Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal Volume 44, 1989 - Issue 4
Journal homepage
14
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Air Lead Exposures and Blood Lead Levels within a Large Automobile Manufacturing Workforce, 1980–1985

Douglas W. Kononen Ph.D. Operating Sciences Department, General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, Michigan, USA
,
Hallie J. Kintner Ph.D. Operating Sciences Department, General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, Michigan, USA
&
Kathleen R. Bivol Operating Sciences Department, General Motors Research Laboratories, Warren, Michigan, USA
Pages 244-251 | Accepted 13 Feb 1989, Published online: 03 Aug 2010

References

  • Williams , M K , King , E and Walford , J. 1969 . An investigation of lead absorption in an electric accumulator factory with the use of personal samplers . Br J Ind Med , 26 : 202 – 16 .
  • Forni , A , Cambiaghi , G and Secchi , G C . 1976 . Initial occupational exposure to lead . Arch Environ Health , 31 : 73 – 78 .
  • Tola , S and Nordman , C H . 1977 . Smoking and blood lead concentrations in lead-exposed workers and an unexposed population . Environ Res , 13 : 250 – 55 .
  • Chavalitnitikul , C , Levin , L and Chen , L-C . 1984 . Study and models of total lead exposures of battery workers . Am Ind Hyg Assoc J , 45 : 802 – 08 .
  • Watanabe , T , Hiroyoshi , F , Koizumi , A , Chiba , K , Miyasaka , M and Ikeda , M. 1985 . Baseline level of blood lead concentration among Japanese farmers . Arch Environ Health , 40 : 170 – 76 .
  • DeKort , W Lam , Verschoor , M A , Wibowo , A AE and Van Hemmen , J J . 1987 . Occupational exposure to lead and blood pressure: a study in 105 workers . Am J Ind Med , 11 : 145 – 56 .
  • Parkinson , D K , Ryan , C , Bromet , E J and Connell , M M . 1986 . A psychiatric epidemiologic study of occupational lead exposure . Am J Epidemiol , 123 : 261 – 69 .
  • Mahaffey , K R , Annest , J L , Roberts , J and Murphy , R S . 1982 . National estimates of blood lead levels: United States, 1976–1980: association with selected demographic and socioeconomic factors . N Engl J Med , 307 : 573 – 79 .
  • Annest , J L , Pirkle , J L , Makuc , D , Neese , J W , Bayse , D D and Kovar , M G . 1983 . Chronological trend in blood lead levels between 1976 and 1980 . N Engl J Med , 308 : 1373 – 77 .
  • National Center for Health Statistics , Annest , J L and Mahaffey , K . 1984 . Blood lead levels for persons ages 6 months-74 years, United States, 1976–80 , Vital and Health Statistics, Series II, No. 233 Washington, DC : Public Health Service, U.S. Government Printing Office . DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 84-1683.
  • United States Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration . 1978 . Occupational exposure to lead: final standard . Fed Reg , 43 : 54460 – 499 .
  • Taylor , Y P . 1984 . Innovative modifications to the Delves cup blood lead analysis procedure . Am Ind Hyg Assoc J , 40 : 47 – 52 .
  • United States Environmental Protection Agency . 1977 . Air quality criteria for lead , Washington, DC : U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development . EPA-600/8-77-017.
  • Saltzman , B E . 1987 . Lognormal model for health risk assessment of fluctuating concentrations . Am Ind Hyg Assoc J , 48 : 140 – 49 .
  • Leidel , N A , Busch , K A and Lynch , J R . 1977 . Occupational exposure sampling strategy manual , Washington, DC : U.S. Government Printing Office . USDHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 77–173.
  • Bencala , K J and Seinfeld , J H . 1976 . On frequency distribution of air pollutant concentrations . Atmos Environ , 10 : 941 – 50 .
  • SAS Institute . 1985 . SAS user's guide: basics, , 5th ed , Cary, NC : SAS Institute .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Supercharge Your Next Research Paper: Research and write your next paper with Jenni AI.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.