Freeze-Thaw Activity at a Nivation Site in Northern Norway

References Cited

• Battle, W. R. B., 1960: Temperature observations in bergschrunds and their relationship to frost shattering. In Lewis, W. V. (ed.), Norwegian Cirque Glaciers. Royal Geographical Society Research Series No. 4, 83–95.
   Google Scholar
• Blaga, A. and Yamasaki, R. S., 1973: Mechanism of surface microcracking of matrix in glass-reinforced polyester by artificial weathering. Journal of Materials Science, 8: 1331–1339.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brockie, W. J., 1972: Experimental frost shattering. Proceedings of the 5th New Zealand Geographical Congress, 177–185.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, A. R., 1944: The destruction of concrete by frost. Journal of the Institute of Civil Engineers, 23: 29–41.
   Google Scholar
• Connell, D. and Tombs, J., 1971: The crystallization pressure of ice — a simple experiment. Journal of Glaciology, 10(59): 312–315.
   Google Scholar
• Cook, F. A. and Raiche, V. G., 1962: Freeze-thaw cycles at Resolute, N.W.T. Geographical Bulletin, No. 18: 64–78.
   Google Scholar
• Dunn, A. and Hudec, P. P., 1966: Water, clay and rock soundness. Ohio Journal of Science, 66: 153–168.
   Google Scholar
• Fraser, J. K., 1959: Freeze-thaw frequency and mechanical weathering in Canada. Arctic, 12: 40–53.
   Google Scholar
• French, H. M., 1976: The Periglacial Environment. London: Longman. 309 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Fukada, M., 1971: Freezing-thawing process of water in pore space of rocks. Low Temperature Science, Ser. A, 29: 225–229.
   Google Scholar
• Fukada, M., 1972: Freezing-thawing process of water in pore space of rocks, II. Low Temperature Science, Ser. A, 30: 183–189.
   Google Scholar
• Gardner, J., 1969: Snowpatches: their influence on mountain wall temperatures and their geomorphic implications. Geografiska Annaler, 51A: 114–120.
   Google Scholar
• Grawe, O. R., 1936: Ice as an agent of rock weathering: a discussion. Journal of Geology, 44: 173–182.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, K. J., 1975: Nivation processes at a late-lying, north-facing snowpatch site in Austre Okstindbredalen, Okstindan, northern Norway. M.Phil. Thesis, University of Reading. 307 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, C., 1972: Processes of soil movement in turf-banked solifluction lobes, Okstindan, northern Norway. In Price, R. J. and Sugden, D. E. (compilers), Polar Geomorphology. Institute of British Geographers Special Publication 4. London: Institute of British Geographers, 155–174.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, C., 1974: Autumn, winter and spring soil temperatures in Okstindan, Norway. Journal of Glaciology, 13(69): 521–534.
   Google Scholar
• Hewitt, K., 1968: The freeze-thaw environment of the Karakorum Himalaya. Canadian Geographer 12: 85–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudec, P. P., 1973: Weathering of rocks in arctic and sub-arctic environment. In Aitken, J. D. and Glass, D. J. (eds.), Proceedings of the Symposium of the Canadian Arctic. Waterloo: Geological Association of Canada, University of Waterloo, 313–335.
   Google Scholar
• Ives, J. D., 1973: Arctic and alpine geomorphology — a review of current outlook and notable gaps in knowledge. In Fahey, B. D. and Thompson, R. (eds.), Research in Polar and Alpine Geomorphology: Proceedings 3rd Guelph Symposium on Geomorphology, 1973. Norwich: GeoAbstracts, 1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Latridou, J., 1971: Conclusions generate des récherches de gélifraction experimentale. Centre National des Récherches Scienlifique, Centre de Geomorphologie de Caen Bulletin, 10: 65–79.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, R. J.III, 1972: Time-dependent crack growth in quartz and its application to the creep of rocks. Journal of Geophysical Research, 77: 1406–1419.
   Google Scholar
• Martini, A., 1967: Preliminary experimental studies of frost weathering of certain rock types from the West Sudetes. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, 16: 147–194.
   Google Scholar
• Mellor, M., 1973: Mechanical properties of rocks at low temperatures. In: Permafrost: North American Contribution to the Second International Conference, Yakutsk, 1973. Washington, D. C: National Academy of Sciences, 334–344.
   Google Scholar
• Potts, A. S., 1970: Frost action in rocks: some experimental data. Transactions and Papers of the Institute of British Geographers, 49: 109–124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie, T., 1972: Freeze-thaw action on brick. Journal of the Canadian Ceramic Society, 41: 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Schaffer, R. J., 1932: The weathering of natural building stones. U. K. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Building Research Special Report, 18. 149 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, W. N., 1938: Experiments on the freezing of certain building materials. U. K. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Building Research Technical Paper, 17. 146 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Thorn, C. E., 1974: An analysis of nivation processes and their geomorphic significance, Niwot Ridge, Colorado Front Range. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Colorado. 351 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Thorn, C. E., 1975: A model of nivation processes. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 7: 243–246.
   Google Scholar
• Thorn, C. E., 1976: Quantitative evaluation of nivation in the Colorado Front Range. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 87: 1169–1178.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorn, C. E., 1979: Bedrock freeze-thaw weathering regime in an Alpine environment, Colorado Front Range. Earth Surface Processes, 4: 211–228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorn, C. E. and Hall, K. J., in press: Nivation: an arctic-alpine comparison and reappraisal. Journal of Glaciology,
   Google Scholar
• Tricart, J., 1956: Études éxperimentale du problème de la gélivation. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, 4: 285–318.
   Google Scholar
• Tricart, J., 1970: Geomorphology of Cold Environments. (Translation by E. Watson.) London: Macmillan. 320 pp.
   Google Scholar
• White, S. E., 1976: Is frost action really only hydration shattering? A review. Arctic and Alpine Research, 8: 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Wiman, S., 1963: A preliminary study of experimental frost weathering. Geografiska Annaler, 45A: 113–121.
   Google Scholar
• Worsley, P. and Harris, C., 1974: Evidence for Neoglacial solifluction at Okstindan, north Norway. Arctic, 27: 128–144.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worsley, P. and Ward, M. R., 1974: Plant colonization of recent “annual” moraine ridges at Austre Okstindbreen, north Norway. Arctic and Alpine Research, 6: 217–230.
   Google Scholar